Al-IjmāʿIbn al-Mundhir

Book on Qasamah

716 — The scholars unanimously agree that whoever swears by Allah in the qasamah has indeed taken a valid oath.

This is the sum total of the consensus on qasamah. (1)

Book on the Apostate

717 — They unanimously agree that, if only one of a Christian’s two parents—both of them being adults, male or female—embraces Islam, the children do not automatically become Muslim by that parent’s conversion. (2)

718 — They unanimously agree that, if a madman makes statements of apostasy while insane, he remains Muslim in accordance with his prior status; and if someone deliberately kills him, retaliation (qiṣāṣ) is due if his children demand it.

719 — The scholars unanimously agree that, if a slave apostatizes, is asked to repent, and refuses, he is to be executed; I know of no dissent on this point.

720 — They unanimously agree that whoever reviles the Prophet—peace and blessings be upon him—is to be put to death. (3)(4)

721 — Every authority we record agrees that an apostate does not lose ownership of his property merely by apostasy.

722 — They unanimously agree that, when he returns to Islam, his property is restored to him so long as he has not joined enemy territory.

723 — All those from whom we preserve an opinion agree that, if the apostate repents and comes back to Islam, his property is returned to him.

724 — All those from whom we preserve an opinion agree that, when a non-Muslim says, “There is no god but Allah and Muhammad is His slave and Messenger,” and adds nothing further, he is a Muslim; and we know of no one who has obliged the apostate

(1) (20/b). (2) This is the wording in manuscript Kh; manuscript T instead reads: “If two Christians are married and one of them embraces Islam while they have adult sons and daughters, those children do not become Muslims by the conversion of whichever parent embraced Islam.” (3) Omitted in manuscript T. (4) Manuscript T adds: “that he has.”
كتاب القسَامة ٧١٦ - وأجمع أهل العلم على أن من حلف بالله في القسامة فهو حالف. هذا جميع ما في القسامة من الإجماع (١). كتاب المرتد ٧١٧ - وأجمعوا على أن [النصراني إذا أسلم أحد أبويه بالغين رجال أو نساء لا يكونون مسلمين بإسلام أيهما أسلم منهما] (٢). ٧١٨ - وأجمعوا أن المجنون إذا ارتد في حال جنونه أنه مسلم على ما كان قبل ذلك، ولو قتله عمدًا كان عليه القَوْد إذا طلب أولاده ذلك. ٧١٩ - وأجمع أهل العلم بأن العبد إذا ارتد، فاستُتِيبَ، فلم يَتُب: قتل؛ ولا أحفظ فيه خلافًا. ٧٢٠ - وأجمعوا على أن [على] (٣) من سبَّ النبي ﷺ (٤): القتل. ٧٢١ - وأجمع كل من نحفظ عنه على أن المرتد بارتداده لا يزول ملكه من ماله. ٧٢٢ - وأجمعوا أنه برجوعه إلى الإسلام، ماله مردود إليه ما لم يلحق بدار الحرب. ٧٢٣ - وأجمع كل من نحفظ عنه أن المرتد إذا تاب ورجع إلى الإسلام أن ماله مردود إليه. ٧٢٤ - وأجمع كل من نحفظ عنه: أن الكافر إذا قال: لا إله إلا الله وأن محمدًا عبده ورسوله، ولم يزد على ذلك شيئًا: أنه مسلم؛ ولا نعلم أحدًا أوجب على المرتد
(١) (٢٠/ب). (٢) هكذا في خ؛ وفي ط جاءت هذه الفقرة كالتالي: [النصرانيين إذا أسلم أحدهما ولهما أولاد بالغون رجالاً ونساء، إنهم لا يكونون مسلمين بإسلام أيهما أسلم]. (٣) ليست في ط. (٤) زاد في ط: [أن له].

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