(1) Reported by Abu Dawud, 2/182, with a sound chain. Al-Durr al-Manthur, 5/221, also cites it through the isnads of Abd al-Razzaq, Abd b. Humayd, Abu Dawud, Ibn al-Mundhir, Ibn Abi Hatim, and Ibn Mardawayh, from Umm Salama, with the wording: “min aksiyatin sud yalbasna-ha” (black cloaks which they used to wear). The word “al-ghurban” (crows) is the plural of ghurab; the cloaks were likened to crows because of their black colour. (2) Ibn Hajar lists seven interpretations of the term in Fath al-Bari, 1/336; this is one of them, and it is the view categorically adopted by al-Baghawi in his Tafsir, 3/544, where he states: “It is the mantle with which a woman envelops herself over her tunic and khimar (head-scarf).” Ibn Hazm, 3/217, says: “In the Arabic addressed to us by the Messenger of Allah, the jilbab is whatever covers the whole body, not only part of it.” Al-Qurtubi approved this explanation in his Tafsir, and Ibn Kathir, 3/518, likewise said: “It is the garment worn over the khimar; it is equivalent to today’s izar (outer wrap).” I would suggest that it resembles the abaya now worn by women in Najd, Iraq, and similar regions. (3) Plural of ‘atiq; it denotes a young woman who has just reached puberty.