the Face of Allah. He must not pursue through it the acquisition of wealth, position, or people’s praise, nor use it to rally support for any party or school of thought.
1- Clear insight (baṣīra) is an obligation, for following him—peace and blessings be upon him—is mandatory, and true follow-through is only achieved with insight, namely knowledge and certainty.
2- The excellence of pure monotheism, for it declares Allah Most High to be transcendent.
3- The ugliness of polytheism, for it constitutes an insult to Allah Most High.
4- The Muslim is required to keep his distance from the polytheists so that he does not resemble them in any respect; it is not sufficient merely to avoid committing polytheism himself.