Al-Mulakhkhas fi Sharh Kitab al-TawhidSalih Al-Fawzan

Ibn Masʿūd—may Allah be pleased with him—relates that the Prophet, peace and blessings be upon him, said: “The best of people are those of my generation, then those who follow them, then those who follow them. After that there will come people among whom a man’s testimony will precede his oath and his oath will precede his testimony.” (1)

Ibrāhīm said, “They used to discipline us with regard to testimony and pledges when we were children.”

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Biographical notes
Ibrāhīm: Abū ʿImrān Ibrāhīm ibn Yazīd al-Nakhaʿī al-Kūfī, one of the Successors and among their jurists; he died in 96 AH, may Allah have mercy on him.

“a man’s testimony will precede his oath…”: he will couple oath and testimony, sometimes giving one precedence and at other times the other.

“they”: that is, the Successors.

“they used to discipline us concerning testimony…”: lest we grow accustomed to obligating ourselves with pledges, given the binding duty an oath entails; likewise with testimony, so that it would not become something casual to us.

Overall meaning of the hadith: The Prophet—peace and blessings be upon him—informs us that the finest part of this ummah consists of the first three generations. After them will appear people who treat testimony and oaths lightly because their faith is weak; both undertaking and discharging testimony and oaths become easy for them, due to their scant fear of Allah and their indifference in this matter. (2)

(1) Reported by al-Bukhari, no. 2652, and Muslim, no. 2533. (2) Anas (may Allah be pleased with him) reported that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: “No time comes upon people except that what follows it is worse than it, until you meet your Lord.” Reported by al-Bukhari, no. 7068.
وفيه عن ابن مسعود ﵁ أن النبي ﷺ قال: "خير الناس قرني، ثم الذين يلونهم، ثم الذين يلونهم ثم يجيء قوم تسبق شهادةُ أحدهم يمينَه، ويمينُه شهادتَه" (١) . قال إبراهيم: "كانوا يضربوننا على الشهادة والعهد ونحن صغار". ــ التراجم: إبراهيم هو: أبو عمران إبراهيم بن يزيد النخعي الكوفي من التابعين ومن فقهائهم، مات سنة ٩٦هـ ﵀. تسبق شهادة أحدهم يمينه ... إلخ: أي: يجمع بين اليمين والشهادة، فتارةٌ تسبق هذه وتارةٌ تسبق هذه. كانوا: أي: التابعون. يضربوننا على الشهادة ... إلخ: أي: لئلا يعتادوا إلزام أنفسهم بالعهود؛ لما يلزم الحالف من الوفاء، وكذا الشهادة لئلا يسهل عليهم أمرها. المعنى الإجمالي للحديث: يخبر –ﷺ أن خير هذه الأمة القرون الثلاثة، ثم يأتي من بعدهم قوم يتساهلون في الشهادة واليمين؛ لضعف إيمانهم، فيخفّ عليهم أمر الشهادة واليمين تحمّلاً وأداءً؛ لقلة خوفهم من الله وعدم مبالاتهم بذلك (٢) .
(١) أخرجه البخاري برقم "٢٦٥٢"، ومسلم برقم "٢٥٣٣". (٢) فعن أنس –﵁ أن رسول الله –ﷺ قال: "لا يأتي على الناس زمان إلا والذي بعده شر منه حتى تلقَوا ربكم" أخرجه البخاري برقم "٧٠٦٨".

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