a whiteness that appears on the surface of the skin, arising from a derangement of the bodily humors.

Bald: the aqraʿ is someone afflicted with qaraʿ, a disease that strikes children’s scalps and often ends with the loss of all or part of the hair; the term qaraʿ is also used for ordinary baldness.

Blind: the aʿmā is a person who has lost his sight.

“To test them”: that is, to try them by granting them His favor.

“People shunned me”: they disliked associating with me and considered me repulsive on that account.

Ishaq was uncertain: Ishaq b. ʿAbd Allah b. Abi Talhah, the narrator of the hadith, expressed doubt.

ʿUsharāʾ: a pregnant she-camel in her tenth (or, according to another view, eighth) month of gestation.

Wālidah: a female that already has offspring or is known for frequent birthing and productivity.

Antaja: the owner of the she-camel or cow personally supervised their breeding.

Wallada (with a doubled lām): he personally attended their delivery.

“Each of them had …”: each man possessed so many camels, cows, and sheep that they filled an entire valley.

“My ropes have snapped”: all means of livelihood have been cut off from me.

“I can manage with it”: I will use it to reach the town I am heading for.

“One generation after another”: I inherited this wealth from one noble forefather after another.

“May Allah restore you to what you were”: may He return you to your former state by bringing the affliction back upon you.

“I will not burden you”: I will not impose any hardship on you by demanding the return of whatever you take from my wealth.