And the Most High also says: “Say, ‘If your fathers and your sons…’” up to His words, “are dearer to you than Allah and His Messenger…,” the verse in full reads:

“Say, ‘If your fathers, your sons, your brothers, your wives, your clan, the wealth you have acquired, a trade whose decline you fear, and dwellings you cherish are dearer to you than Allah, His Messenger, and striving in His path, then wait until Allah brings about His command; for Allah does not guide the defiantly disobedient people.’” (Qur’an 9:24)

Lexical notes
• ʿashīratukum: your close relatives; derived from the idea of living in intimate association.
• iqtaraftumūhā: you have earned or amassed.
• kasādihā: the loss of a market’s season of brisk sales.
• masākin: dwellings, homes.
• tarḍawnahā: you are pleased to reside in them.
• “Dearer to you”: that is, if any of these items are dearer to you than Allah, His Messenger, and striving in His cause.
• “Then wait”: meaning, wait for the punishment that will befall you.

Overall meaning of the verse: Allah commands His Prophet to threaten anyone who prefers love for these categories—or any one of them—over love for Allah and His Messenger and over performing the deeds Allah has obligated and approves of, such as migration (hijrah), jihad, and the like. Allah begins with fathers, sons, brothers, and similarly friends and others; so whoever claims to love Allah yet sets the love of these things ahead of His love is lying and must await retribution.

Relevance of the verse to the chapter: it establishes the obligation to give precedence to loving Allah and loving whatever He loves.