Al-Mulakhkhas fi Sharh Kitab al-Tawhid - Salih Al-Fawzan - (23)

Chapter: The Excellence of Monotheism and the Sins It Erases

And the saying of Allah, the Exalted: “Those who believe and do not mix their faith with wrongdoing—it is they who will have security, and they are rightly guided.” (1) [al-Anʿām 6:82]

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Relevance of this chapter to Kitāb al-Tawḥīd: After the first chapter explained the obligation of tawḥīd and its meaning, the present chapter sets out its virtue, its praiseworthy effects, and its beautiful outcomes—among them the expiation of sins—in order to encourage and urge the reader to embrace it.

bāb (chapter): In the language it denotes an entrance; in technical usage it is a heading that encompasses a body of knowledge containing, more often than not, several sections and issues.

yukaffir (expiates): In Arabic, takfīr means covering and concealing. In the Sharīʿah it is the erasure of a sin until it is as though it never existed.

min adh-dhunūb (of sins): the particle min here is explanatory, not partitive; and dhunūb is the plural of

(1) Abdullah ibn Masud, may Allah be pleased with him, reported: When the verse, “Those who believe and do not mix their faith with wrongdoing,” was revealed, we said, “O Messenger of Allah, which of us has not wronged himself?” He said, “It is not as you understand it. ‘Those who believe and do not mix their faith with wrongdoing’ means with shirk (associating partners with Allah). Have you not heard Luqman's words to his son: ‘My dear son, do not associate partners with Allah; indeed, associating partners with Allah is a tremendous wrongdoing.’” Reported by al-Bukhari, no. 3360, and Muslim, no. 124.

باب فضل التوحيد وما يكفر من الذنوب وقول الله تعالى: ﴿الَّذِينَ آمَنُواْ وَلَمْ يَلْبِسُواْ إِيمَانَهُم بِظُلْمٍ أُوْلَئِكَ لَهُمُ الأَمْنُ وَهُم مُّهْتَدُونَ﴾ (١) [الأنعام: ٨٢] . ــ مناسبة هذا الباب لكتاب التوحيد: لما بين في الباب الأول وجوبَ التوحيد ومعناه، بين في هذا الباب فضل التوحيد وآثاره الحميدة، ونتائجه الجميلة التي منها تكفير الذنوب، لأجل الحث عليه والترغيب فيه. بابٌ: هو لغةً: المدخل، واصطلاحاً: اسمٌ لجملة من العلم تحته فصول ومسائل غالباً. يكفر: التكفير في اللغة: الستر والتغطية. وشرعاً: محو الذنب حتى يصير بمنزلة المعدوم. من الذنوب: (مِن) بيانية وليست للتبعيض، والذنوب: جمعُ

(١) عن عبد الله بن مسعود ﵁ قال: لما نزلت: ﴿الَّذِينَ آمَنُواْ وَلَمْ يَلْبِسُواْ إِيمَانَهُم بِظُلْمٍ﴾ قلنا: يا رسول الله: أينا لم يظلم نفسه؟ قال: "ليس كما تقولون: ﴿الَّذِينَ آمَنُواْ وَلَمْ يَلْبِسُواْ إِيمَانَهُم بِظُلْمٍ﴾ بشرك، أولم تسمعوا إلى قول لقمان لابنه: ﴿يَا بُنَيَّ لَا تُشْرِكْ بِاللهِ إِنَّ الشِّرْكَ لَظُلْمٌ عَظِيمٌ﴾ . أخرجه البخاري برقم (٣٣٦٠) ومسلم برقم (١٢٤) .