First: He has enjoined upon you that you must not associate anything with Him. This is an all-embracing prohibition of shirk (associating partners with Allah); it covers every object people worship besides Allah and every form of worship in which partners are ascribed to Him.

Second: He has commanded you to show kindness to your parents: honour them, protect and care for them, obey them in everything that does not entail disobedience to Allah, and never behave arrogantly toward them.

Third: He has instructed you not to kill your children for fear of poverty—do not bury your daughters alive and do not slay your sons dreading destitution—for He is the One who provides for you and for them; you do not provide for them, nor even for yourselves.

Fourth: He has ordered you not to go near indecencies, whether open or concealed—that is, sins that are outward and those that are hidden.

Fifth: He has enjoined you not to take the life that Allah has made sacred—the life of a believer or of anyone under covenant—except with due right, such as retributive execution (qisāṣ), adultery committed after previous marriage, or apostasy after accepting Islam.

Sixth: He has instructed you not to approach the property of the orphan—an orphan being a child whose father has died—except in the best manner, managing it so as to preserve and increase it until you hand it over to him when he attains mature strength, meaning sound judgment and the end of childish folly alongside physical adulthood.

Seventh: “Give full measure and weight with justice; We do not burden any soul beyond its capacity.” In other words, establish fairness in both taking and giving according to your ability.

Eighth: “Whenever you speak, be just, even if the one concerned is a close relative.” Thus He commands justice in speech toward both near and distant people, after having commanded justice in action.

Ninth: “Fulfil the covenant of Allah,” that is, the charge He has laid upon you—“fulfil it.”