and excluded by our phrase “in a binding manner” is the disliked (makrūh).
Whoever refrains from a prohibited act in obedience is rewarded, whereas whoever commits it deserves punishment.
It is also called maḥẓūr or mamnūʿ.

4 – The disliked (makrūh)
Linguistically: that which is detested.
Technically: whatever the Lawgiver forbids, but not in a binding manner, such as taking or giving with the left hand.
Excluded by our phrase “whatever the Lawgiver forbids” are the obligatory, the recommended, and the permissible; and excluded by our phrase “but not in a binding manner” is the prohibited.
Whoever avoids a disliked act in obedience is rewarded, while the one who does it is not punished.

5 – The permissible (mubāḥ)
Linguistically: that which is declared and allowed.
Technically: whatever is neither the object of a command nor a prohibition in itself, such as eating at night during Ramadan.
Excluded by our phrase “whatever is not the object of a command” are the obligatory and the recommended; and excluded by our phrase “nor a prohibition” are the prohibited and the disliked.
Excluded by our phrase “in itself” is anything that becomes the object of a command because it is a means to something commanded, or the object of a prohibition because it serves as a means to something forbidden; such a matter takes on the ruling of the act for which it is a means—whether commanded or forbidden—yet this does not strip it of its original status of permissibility.
So long as an act remains within the realm of permissibility, no reward or punishment is entailed.
It is also called ḥalāl or jāʾiz.