Among the proofs drawn from the Sunnah:

1 – His ﷺ reply to the woman who asked about fasting on behalf of her deceased mother: “Suppose your mother had a debt and you paid it off—would that settle the matter for her?” She answered, “Yes.” He said, “Then fast on behalf of your mother.” (1)

2 – A man came to the Prophet ﷺ and said, “Messenger of Allah, a black boy has been born to me.” He asked, “Do you own camels?” The man replied, “Yes.” He said, “What color are they?” He answered, “Reddish-brown.” He asked, “Do any of them have a grayish hue?” He said, “Yes.” He asked, “How did that happen?” The man replied, “Perhaps a gene was carried over.” The Prophet said, “Then perhaps this son of yours has likewise inherited a gene.” (2)

In the same way, every parable cited in the Quran and the Sunnah serves as evidence for analogy, for they invite us to weigh one matter against its counterpart.

Among the statements of the Companions is what is related from the Commander of the Believers ʿUmar ibn al-Khattāb in his letter (3) to Abū Mūsā al-Ashʿarī on judicial procedure: “Exercise deep understanding—deep understanding—concerning whatever is presented to you that is not explicitly found in the Quran or the Sunnah. Then compare the matters before you, recognize their analogies, and proceed with what you deem most pleasing to Allah and closest to the truth.”