Hadith Two
Umm Salamah — may Allah be pleased with her — narrated: A woman came to the Messenger of Allah ﷺ and said, “Messenger of Allah, my daughter’s husband has died and her eye is hurting; may we apply kohl to it?”
The Messenger of Allah ﷺ replied, “No,” repeating it two or three times, each time saying, “No.”
He then said, “Her waiting-period is only four months and ten nights. In the pre-Islamic days one of you would throw a piece of dung at the completion of an entire year.”
Zaynab explained: “When a woman’s husband died, she would enter a small, wretched hut, put on her worst clothes, and touch neither perfume nor anything else until a full year had passed. Then she would be brought an animal — a donkey, a bird, or a sheep — and she would wipe herself with it; scarcely would she wipe herself with anything without it dying. She would then emerge, be given a lump of dung and fling it away, after which she could use whatever perfume or other adornment she wished.”
Unfamiliar Terms
• al-baʿrah: a piece of dried dung.
• ḥifsh: a small, shabby dwelling.
• taftaḍḍu bihi: she would wipe herself with it to remove the accumulated dirt.
• afanakḥulu-hā: “shall we apply kohl to her?”
Overall Meaning
A woman sought the Prophet’s ruling regarding her widowed daughter, whose eye was inflamed. Although kohl might have soothed the pain, the Prophet ﷺ firmly forbade it because kohl is an adornment and a widow must abstain from all adornment during her waiting-period; no concession was granted despite the medical need. He reminded her that this period lasts only four months and ten nights, a brief span compared with the harsh custom of the Age of Ignorance, when a widow secluded herself in a squalid hut, wore shabby clothes, avoided perfume and even water, and remained apart from people for an entire year. At its end she would wipe herself with an animal and throw a piece of dung as a token that her ordeal was over, then resume adornment. Islam replaced that severe practice with a far lighter obligation, yet the questioner was reluctant to forgo kohl for so short a time; therefore no dispensation was allowed, lest it open the door to further adornment for a woman in mourning.