The transmission that comes through ʿAbd al-Raḥmān accords with the verse in that it grants a choice among the three alternatives. The narration that reaches us through ʿAbd Allāh ibn Maʿqil, however, suggests a fixed order.
For this reason Ibn Ḥazm ruled that the report of ʿAbd Allāh is muddled, whereas concerning the chain of ʿAbd al-Raḥmān he said, “This is the most complete and transparent of the aḥādīth.”
In my judgment, Abū Muḥammad’s conclusion is the best reconciliation, because the incident is one and the same: only a single form of instruction could have taken place, so the narratives can be harmonised only in this way. Hence Ibn Ḥajar said, “The clearest wording I have come across in the isnāds of this ḥadīth is what Abū Dāwūd recorded through al-Shaʿbī, from Ibn Abī Laylā, from Kaʿb ibn ʿUjrah, that the Prophet ﷺ said: ‘If you wish, sacrifice a sheep; if you wish, fast three days; and if you wish, give food.’”
Mālik’s version in the Muwaṭṭaʾ reads: “Whichever of these you do will suffice.” Allah knows best.
Chapter: The Sanctity of Mecca
The inviolability of blessed Mecca is drawn from this exalted House, the very first House placed on earth for people to turn toward in worship, as the Exalted has said: “Indeed, the first House established for mankind was that at Bakkah, blessed and a guidance for all beings” (Q 3:96). Abraham the Beloved Friend, peace be upon him, built it.
Ever since its construction it has remained revered and honoured, and pilgrims have journeyed to it until the end of time, so long as faith endures. For as long as religion stands, Allah has made it “a place of return for mankind and a sanctuary of safety” (Q 2:125).
The Arabs of the pre-Islamic era already magnified its sanctity, coming to it from every corner of the Peninsula and beyond, and its custodians from Quraysh—and those before them—honoured their guests. Islam then came and heightened its glorification and consecration. Allah has protected it from every aggressor; the most striking proof is the famous story of the Companions of the Elephant.
Dwelling near it is among the finest acts of worship for anyone granted uprightness, for deeds performed there are multiplied one hundred thousand-fold, while sins committed there are correspondingly graver on account of the site’s sanctity.