Chapter: The most virtuous form of fasting and what is other than it
First ḥadīth
ʿAbd Allāh ibn ʿUmar (may Allah be pleased with them) said: “The Messenger of Allah forbade continuous fasting (wiṣāl).” They said, “Messenger of Allah, yet you practice continuous fasting.” He replied, “I am not like you; I am fed and given drink.”
The same report is also transmitted by Abū Hurayrah, ʿĀʾishah, and Anas ibn Mālik (may Allah be pleased with them all).
Muslim relates from Abū Saʿīd al-Khudrī (may Allah be pleased with him): “Whoever among you wishes to fast continuously, let him do so only until the pre-dawn (suḥūr).” (1)
Overall meaning
Islamic law is gentle and facilitative; it imposes no undue hardship or strain. Its Wise Lawgiver dislikes excess and over-scrupulousness, for these torment and exhaust the soul, and Allah does not burden a soul beyond its capacity. Ease and simplicity also help a person persevere in worship, protect him from boredom and fatigue, and establish the balance Allah has placed on earth: giving Allah His due in worship while granting the self the necessities it requires.
For this reason the Prophet ﷺ forbade wiṣāl, which is to refrain deliberately during the nights of fasting from whatever would normally break the fast by day. Yet the Prophet—whom Allah endowed with what He gave no one else—would himself fast continuously. The Companions therefore said, “You practice continuous fasting, and we follow your example,” before they knew the special distinction granted to him. He answered, “I am not like you: I pass the night while my Lord feeds me and gives me drink. You do not have that strength, so you cannot keep up continuous fasting.”
Still, for those who long to practice it, whoever feels able and genuinely wishes to may extend his fast only until the pre-dawn meal. In reality, this merely delays his supper, leaving him with a single nightly meal throughout the month; one of the aims of fasting is, after all, to lessen one’s food intake.
Scholarly disagreement
The scholars differed over the “food and drink” mentioned in the ḥadīth, offering two views:
- That it is actual, physical food and drink, based on the literal wording.