6. Announcing a person’s death when a clear benefit is anticipated—such as increasing the number of worshippers at the funeral prayer and informing the deceased’s relatives—is permissible, for it is not the forbidden naʿy (public proclamation) mentioned in his ﷺ statement, “Beware of naʿy, for naʿy is a practice of the Age of Ignorance.” In that era they would mount high places and call out the news of the death, embellishing it with all kinds of true and fabricated eulogies, an act that leads to many forms of harm.

The Third Hadith
Ibn ʿAbbās ⦗Allah be pleased with them⦘ reported that the Prophet ﷺ prayed over a grave after its occupant had been buried, pronouncing four takbīrs.

Overall meaning
The Prophet ﷺ was endowed with every noble trait, among them mercy and compassion. Whenever he missed one of his Companions he would inquire about him and look into his condition. On this occasion he asked about the person in the grave; when he learned that the man had died, he wished they had informed him earlier so he could perform the funeral prayer, for his prayer is a source of tranquility for the deceased and a light that dispels the darkness of the grave. He therefore prayed over the grave just as one prays over a body that is present.

Legal rulings

1. It is lawful to offer the funeral prayer at the graveside. One should pay no heed to those who forbid it, for they reject explicit texts without evidence. Some scholars limit this permission to one month after burial, others to the time before the body decays, while others allow it indefinitely. Al-Bukhārī relates that the Prophet ﷺ passed by a grave that had been filled in during the night and asked, “When was this buried?” They replied, “Last night.” Ibn al-Qayyim remarked: “It is authentically reported in six good chains that whenever the funeral prayer escaped him, he would pray at the grave.”
2. The prayer offered at the grave is performed exactly like the prayer over the body when it is present.
3. The hadith highlights his ﷺ mercy, kindness, and concern for each individual Companion, no matter his or her social standing. Al-Ḥāfiẓ Ibn Ḥajar notes that the person in this particular grave was a black woman who used to sweep the mosque.