Hadith Three
Jābir ibn ʿAbd-Allāh al-Anṣārī, may Allah be pleased with him, reported: “I attended the fear prayer with the Messenger of Allah ﷺ. We formed two rows behind him while the enemy stood between us and the qiblah. The Prophet ﷺ pronounced the opening takbīr and we all pronounced it. He then bowed and we all bowed, raised his head from bowing and we all raised ours. Next he went down in prostration together with the row closest to him, while the rear row remained standing, facing the enemy. When the Prophet ﷺ had completed the prostration and the row beside him had stood up, the rear row went down in prostration and then rose. After that the rear row advanced and the front row moved back. The Prophet ﷺ then bowed and we all bowed, raised his head from bowing and we all raised ours. He went down in prostration with the row beside him—the same row that had been in the rear during the first rakʿah (unit of prayer)—while the row now at the rear stood facing the enemy. When the Prophet ﷺ had finished the prostration together with the row next to him, the rear row went down in prostration and prostrated. The Prophet ﷺ then gave the taslīm, and we all gave the taslīm.
Jābir added, “It is exactly what these guards of yours do with your commanders.”
Muslim records the report in full. Al-Bukhārī cites part of it, noting that Jābir performed the fear prayer with the Prophet ﷺ during the seventh expedition, the campaign of Dhāt al-Riqāʿ (1).
Overall meaning
The detailed procedure described in this ḥadīth suited the situation in which the Prophet ﷺ and his Companions found themselves: the enemy was positioned in the direction of the qiblah, visible to them during the standing and bowing, and they were secure against a surprise attack from the rear.
Points derived from the ḥadīth
- The fear prayer may be performed in this manner when circumstances warrant it and no conflicting impediments exist.
- Guard duty on this occasion was required only during the prostration, since at all other times the worshippers could see the enemy in front of them.