12 – The command to make supplication, perform the prayer and give charity whenever a solar or lunar eclipse occurs.
13 – Carrying out these acts of worship shields one from Allah’s punishment.
14 – The Prophet’s warning against fornication, declaring it a major sin that provokes Allah’s jealousy when it is committed.
15 – Affirming the attribute of jealousy for Allah in a manner befitting His majesty—without denial, figurative reinterpretation, or likening Him to His creation. Al-Sanʿānī (may Allah have mercy on him) said: “When an attribute of Allah appears that might suggest resemblance to created beings—such as ‘hand’, ‘eye’, and here ‘jealousy’—the scholars have differed. Should one simply believe in it, certain that ‘there is nothing like unto Him’ in His essence or attributes, and entrust knowledge of its reality and modality to Allah, leaving it as it came without interpretation or specification? This is the way of the early generations of this ummah. Figurative interpretation is the method of some later scholars. The sounder course for the believer is to follow the first group, for no one grasps the nature of an attribute unless he comprehends the nature of the One described. Therefore all of His attributes must be affirmed without specifying how, without likening, and without figurative reinterpretation.” (Slightly adapted.)
16 – The intensity of the punishment Allah has prepared for the people of sin is unknown to mankind; had they known it, their fear and anxiety would have greatly increased. Hence texts that inspire fear are given precedence over those that inspire hope, because human souls are naturally inclined toward desires—a dangerous ailment that must be countered by warnings and threats.
17 – Allah grants His Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) knowledge of unseen matters that the ummah is unable to bear.

Hadith 4
Abū Mūsā al-Ashʿarī (may Allah be pleased with him) said: “The sun was eclipsed in the time of Allah’s Messenger (peace and blessings be upon him). He rose in alarm, fearing that the Hour had arrived, and hastened to the mosque. There he stood and performed a prayer whose standing, bowing and prostration were longer than anything I had ever seen him do in any prayer. When he finished he said:
‘These signs that Allah, Exalted is He, sends do not occur because of anyone’s death or life; rather Allah sends them to frighten His servants. So when you see something of them, hasten to the remembrance of Allah, to supplication and to seeking His forgiveness.’ ”

Unfamiliar expressions
1 – “that the Hour had arrived”: the word “Hour” (al-sāʿah) may be read in the nominative if the verb is intransitive (“had arrived”), or in the accusative if the verb is defective (“had become”).