Hadith Five
On the authority of Abu Hurayrah (may Allah be pleased with him), who related that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: “When the imam says ‘Amin,’ then say ‘Amin’; for whoever’s ‘Amin’ coincides with the ‘Amin’ of the angels will have his past sins forgiven.”
Overall Meaning
The supplication contained in the Opening Chapter of the Qur’an is the finest and most beneficial of prayers. For that reason, it is legislated for every worshipper—whether imam, follower, or praying alone—to conclude it by saying “Amin,” for “Amin” is the seal of supplication. The Prophet ﷺ therefore commanded us to say “Amin” when the imam does, because that is precisely when the angels are saying it. Whoever’s “Amin” happens to coincide with theirs is granted forgiveness for his previous sins. What a splendid windfall and precious opportunity this is—the remission of sins by the simplest of means; only the truly deprived would let it pass.
Scholarly Disagreement
• According to one report from Malik, saying “Amin” is not prescribed for the imam himself; he interprets the hadith to mean: “when the imam reaches the place of saying ‘Amin’,” without intending that the imam actually say it.
• Al-Shafiʿi and Ahmad consider it recommended for the imam, the follower, and the person praying alone, based on the plain wording of this hadith and other texts.
• The Zahiri school holds that it is obligatory for everyone who prays.
• With respect to the congregation, the hadith does in fact appear to indicate obligation, for a direct command normally carries the sense of obligation.
Legal Inferences Drawn from the Hadith
- Saying “Amin” is prescribed for the imam, the follower, and the lone worshipper.
- The angels pronounce “Amin” to the supplication of those who pray. The soundest view is that this refers to the angels present at that particular prayer, both in heaven and on earth. Supporting this is the report in al-Bukhari in which the Prophet ﷺ said: “When one of you says ‘Amin,’ the angels in heaven also say ‘Amin’; if the two coincide, Allah forgives him his past sins.”
- Saying “Amin” is a meritorious act and a cause of forgiveness. Leading scholars, however, maintain that the expiation mentioned here and in similar texts applies only to minor sins; major sins still require sincere repentance.
- Both the one who supplicates and the one who says “Amin” should be fully attentive and present before Allah.