(1) Concerning the term tarjiʿ. Al-Hafiz explains: “It is the bringing together of the various intonations in one’s recitation; at root it means repetition. To apply tarjiʿ to the voice is to make it echo repeatedly in the throat.” Al-Manawi adds: “It usually springs from cheerfulness and ease of spirit, and the Prophet enjoyed a large share of it on the day of the Conquest.” (2) The report is traced back to ʿAbd Allah b. Mughaffal. Muʿawiyah b. Qurrah said: “I heard ʿAbd Allah b. Mughaffal say: I saw the Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him, on the day Mecca was conquered, riding his camel and reciting Surat al-Fath while employing tarjiʿ. Were it not that people would crowd around me, I would perform tarjiʿ exactly as he did.” Recorded by al-Bukhari (8/11, 474; 9/75, 130, 441) and in Khalq Afʿal al-ʿIbad, p. 81; by Muslim (2/193); Abu Dawud (1/231); al-Tirmidhi in al-Shamaʾil (2/141–142); al-Bayhaqi (2/53); and Ahmad (4/85–86; 5/54–56) through the isnad of Shuʿbah, the wording being that of al-Bukhari. Al-Bayhaqi’s version states that he was “reciting Surat al-Fath in a soft voice.” Another wording—also found in Ahmad—adds: “I asked Muʿawiyah, ‘What did his tarjiʿ sound like?’ He replied, ‘Aa, Aa, Aa,’ three times.”