—It is also recorded by Abu Dawud (1/35), Ibn Majah (1/408), and Ahmad (6/47) through several routes. The isnad (chain of transmission) is hasan or possibly sahih. 3. Maʿmar relates from ʿAtaʾ al-Khurāsānī, from Yahya ibn Yaʿmar, from ʿAʾishah: A man asked her … and he narrated something to the same effect. Ahmad transmits it (16/53, 167). All the narrators are those relied upon by Muslim, yet the chain is broken, for Yahya ibn Yaʿmar never heard directly from ʿAʾishah, as Abu Dawud states. In Ahmad’s first version, however, he says: “I asked, ‘Did the Messenger of Allah ﷺ raise his voice when reciting?’ She replied: …” —which explicitly affirms that he heard it from her. The chain up to al-Khurāsānī is sound, but it too is interrupted, because ʿAtaʾ—although one of Muslim’s narrators—is described in Taqrib al-Tahdhib as “reliable but frequently errs, sends mursal reports, and practices tadlis.” The break may therefore be due to one of his errors or acts of tadlis. The second hadith: Abu Hurayrah said, “During the night the Prophet’s recitation would sometimes be loud and sometimes quiet.” Abu Dawud (1/208) and al-Tahawi (1/203) report it through Ibn al-Mubarak, from ʿImran ibn Zaydah, from his father, from Abu Khalid al-Walibi, from him. This isnad is weak: Zaydah—i.e., Ibn Nashit—and his shaykh Abu Khalid are both of unknown standing; al-Taqrib lists them as maqbul (acceptable). The same route appears in al-Mustadrak (1/310), where both al-Hakim and al-Dhahabi declare it sahih. The hadith indicates that one who prays at night may choose between reciting silently and reciting aloud—precisely the view held by Abu Hanifah and his two companions, as noted in Sharh al-Maʿani.