(1) The hadith of Abd Allah ibn Zayd states: The Prophet ﷺ went out to perform salat al-istisqa (the prayer for rain); he faced the qibla while supplicating, turned his cloak inside out, and then prayed two rakas in which he recited aloud. It is reported by al-Bukhari (2/412); Abu Dawud (1/181); al-Nasa’i (1/226); al-Tirmidhi (2/442), who judged it “hasan sahih”; al-Darqutni (p. 189); al-Tahawi (1/192); al-Tayalisi (no. 148); and Ahmad (4/39, 41). A supporting report comes from Ibn Abbas, transmitted by al-Tahawi and others with a sound chain. Al-Nawawi remarks in his Sharh Muslim that there is unanimous agreement on the recommendation of audible recitation in the istisqa prayer; the hafiz adds that Ibn Battal also records this consensus. Ibn al-Qayyim notes in Zad al-Ma‘ad (1/179) that, in the first raka of salat al-istisqa, the Prophet ﷺ recited Sabbih isma rabbika al-a‘la (Q 87) after al-Fatihah, and in the second Hal ataka hadith al-ghashiyah (Q 88). This report is weak: its chain contains Muhammad ibn Abd al-Aziz ibn Umar al-Zuhri, who is discarded. Al-Nawawi (5/73) and al-Dhahabi (in the Talkhis) likewise grade it weak. Ibn al-Qayyim was evidently influenced by al-Hakim’s ruling, for al-Hakim records the hadith in al-Mustadrak (1/326)—as does al-Darqutni, p. 189—through the same route and declares its isnad sahih; al-Dhahabi responds that Abd al-Aziz, the father of Muhammad, is in fact unreliable.