16
without completing it (1)
It is analogous to his statement: “The hand is severed for a quarter-dinar or more.” Ibn Hibban, al-Qurtubi and others have claimed a consensus that nothing beyond that amount is obligatory. Al-Hafiz (2/193) comments: “This is open to objection, for the opposite view is authentically reported from some Companions and those after them, as transmitted by Ibn al-Munzir and others. Perhaps what they meant is that the matter ultimately settled on that opinion. Abu Hurayra (may Allah be pleased with him) said: ‘If you recite no more than Umm al-Quran (the Mother of the Quran, i.e., al-Fatihah) it suffices; and if you add to it, that is better.’”
The report is recorded by the two Shaykhs and others. Although it is technically mawquf, al-Hafiz (2/200) says, “It carries the ruling of marfuʿ.” I add: it has also been transmitted explicitly as marfuʿ, as noted above, and this is confirmed by the fact that Abu Hurayra himself is among those who narrated the additional wording, so he is better informed about his own narration than anyone else.
This is further supported by the hadith of Ibn Abbas stating that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ prayed two rakʿas in which he recited nothing except Fatihat al-Kitab. It was reported by al-Bayhaqi (2/61), Ahmad (1/282), and likewise by Ibn Khuzayma, Abu Yaʿla and al-Tabarani in al-Kabir through the route of Hanzala al-Sadosi from him. The isnad is weak, though the remaining transmitters are reliable narrators of the two Shaykhs.
(1) It is the hadith of Abu Hurayra, and it has reached us through several chains:
The first: via al-Ala ibn Abd al-Rahman ibn Yaʿqub, who heard Abu al-Saʾib, the freedman of Hisham ibn Zuhra, say: “I heard Abu Hurayra say: I heard the Messenger of Allah ﷺ say … .” Malik (1/106) recorded it from him, and through his route it was transmitted by Muslim (2/9–10), Abu Awana (2/126), al-Bukhari in Juzʾ al-Qiraʾa (8) and in Afʿal al-ʿIbad (74), and by Abu Dawud
غير تمام " (١)
" هو نظير قوله: " تقطع اليد في ربع دينار؛ فصاعداً ". وادعى ابن حبان،
والقرطبي، وغيرهما الإجماع على عدم وجوب قدر زائد عليها. قال الحافظ (٢/١٩٣) :
" وفيه نظر؛ لثبوته عن بعض الصحابة، ومن بعدهم فيما رواه ابن المنذر وغيره،
ولعلهم أرادوا أن الأمر استقر على ذلك، وقد قال أبو هريرة ﵁:
وإن لم تزد على ﴿أم القرآن﴾ ؛ أجزأت، وإن زدت؛ فهو خير ".
أخرجه الشيخان وغيرهما. وهذا موقوف؛ لكن قال الحافظ (٢/٢٠٠) :
" وله حكم الرفع ".
قلت: وقد روي مرفوعاً - كما سبق -، ويؤيد ذلك أن أبا هريرة ممن روى هذه الزيادة
- كما سبق -؛ فهو أدرى بمرويه من غيره.
وتأيد ذلك بحديث ابن عباس:
أن رسول الله ﷺ صلى ركعتين، لم يقرأ فيهما إلا بـ: ﴿فاتحة الكتاب﴾ .
أخرجه البيهقي (٢/٦١) ، وأحمد (١/٢٨٢) ، وكذا ابن خزيمة، وأبو يعلى،
والطبراني في " الكبير " من طريق حنظلة السدوسي عنه.
وهو ضعيف، وبقية رجاله ثقات رجال الشيخين.
(١) هو من حديث أبي هريرة، وقد ورد عنه من طرق:
الأول: عن العلاء بن عبد الرحمن بن يعقوب: أنه سمع أبا السائب مولى هشام بن
زُهرة يقول: سمعت أبا هريرة يقول: سمعت رسول الله ﷺ يقول: ... به.
أخرجه مالك (١/١٠٦) عنه، ومن طريقه أخرجه مسلم (٢/٩ - ١٠) ، وأبو عَوَانة
(٢/١٢٦) ، والبخاري في " جزء القراءة " (٨) وفي " أفعال العباد " (٧٤) ، وأبو داود