Standing and Sitting in the Night Prayer
He ﷺ would sometimes spend a long portion of the night praying while standing, and at other times a long portion while sitting; if he recited standing he would bow from a standing position, and if he recited sitting he would bow from a sitting position. On occasion he prayed seated, reciting while seated; when only about thirty or forty verses of his recitation remained, he would rise, recite them standing, then bow and prostrate, and in the second cycle he would do the same. He did not begin performing the supererogatory night prayer seated until the end of his life, when old age had overtaken him, and that was one year before his passing. He would sit cross-legged. ⦗104–107⦘

Praying in Sandals and the Instruction Concerning It
He sometimes prayed barefoot and sometimes wearing his sandals. He allowed both for his community, saying, “When one of you prays, let him wear his sandals, or place them between his feet, and do not annoy anyone with them.” At times he emphasized praying in them, saying, “Differ from the Jews, for they do not pray in their sandals or leather socks.” He would occasionally remove his sandals while in prayer and then continue. Abū Saʿīd al-Khudrī related: “The Messenger of Allah ﷺ led us in prayer one day. Partway through, he removed his sandals and put them on his left. When the people saw this they also removed theirs. When he finished he asked, ‘What made you cast off your sandals?’ They replied, ‘We saw you remove yours, so we removed ours.’ He said, ‘Gabriel came to me and informed me that there was some filth—or, he said, some impurity (in another narration: uncleanness)—on them, so I removed them. When any of you comes to the mosque, let him look at his sandals; if he sees filth—or, he said, impurity (in the other narration: uncleanness)—on them, let him wipe it off and pray in them.’” Whenever he removed his sandals he placed them to his left. He said, “When one of you prays, he should not put his sandals to his right or to his left where they would be on someone else’s right—unless no one is on his left; instead, let him place them between his feet.” ⦗108–112⦘

Praying on the Pulpit
The Prophet ﷺ once prayed on the pulpit—one narration says it had three steps. He ascended it and pronounced the opening takbīr, and the people behind him pronounced the takbīr while he was still on the pulpit. Then he bowed on it, rose, stepped backward and prostrated at the foot of the pulpit. He returned and did in the second cycle as he had done in the first until he completed his prayer. He then faced the people and said, “O people, I only did this so that you might follow me and learn my prayer.” ⦗113⦘