It also has a corroborating narration from the hadith of Saʿīd ibn Zayd, recorded by Aḥmad (1/190) and al-Bayhaqī in al-Shuʿab (5/297/6710), with an authentic chain of transmission.

The fourth is through Zuhayr ibn Muḥammad, from al-ʿAlāʾ ibn ʿAbd al-Raḥmān, from his father, from him, with the wording:

“Among the major sins are a man’s unjust attack upon the honour of a Muslim man, and two people exchanging insults.”

It was recorded by Ibn Abī al-Dunyā (727), as well as Abū Dāwūd (4877).

All of its narrators are trustworthy and are narrators of the Ṣaḥīḥ, except that this Zuhayr is weak in the narrations transmitted from him by the Syrians; and this is one of them. It is therefore suitable for corroboration.

In sum, the hadith is authentic through these routes and through its corroborating narrations. I shall mention those of them that I was able to find:

The first is from Saʿīd ibn Zayd, who reported that the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said:

“Indeed, among the gravest major sins are a person’s unjust attack upon the honour of a Muslim man, and two people exchanging insults.”

It was recorded by Abū Dāwūd (4876), al-Bayhaqī (2/301/1), and Aḥmad (1/190).

I say: Its chain of transmission is authentic.

The second is from Qays ibn Saʿd, who reported that the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said:

“Indeed, the most grievous form of ribā is for a man to go to excess in abusing his brother; and among the gravest major sins is for a man to insult his parents.” They asked, “How can he insult them, O Messenger of Allah?” He said, “He insults a man, and that man then insults his parents.”

It was recorded by al-Ṭabarānī in al-Muʿjam al-Kabīr (18/353/899), through Ṭāhir ibn