b—Al-Mizzī himself—may Allah have mercy on him—did not list Ibn Masʿūd among Ibn Abī Mulaykah’s teachers, nor did he list Ibn Abī Mulaykah among Ibn Masʿūd’s students.
c—Al-Ḥāfiẓ Ibn Ḥajar did not include this narration in his Itḥāf al-Maharah; among the works he undertook to cover was the Musnad of Abū ʿAwānah (1), which is a collection extracting narrations from Ṣaḥīḥ Muslim. The section of Abū ʿAwānah containing this hadith has not been published.
d—I have not found this narration in this form in any other source that I examined, despite the many sources which transmitted the hadith of Ibn Masʿūd, as you can see.
e—It occurred to me that there may have been an omission in the chain of transmission, and that its usual route is Abū al-Aḥwaṣ’s narration from Ibn Masʿūd, which Ibn Abī Mulaykah narrates from him. Yet they did not list Abū al-Aḥwaṣ among Ibn Abī Mulaykah’s teachers, nor did they list Ibn Abī Mulaykah among Abū al-Aḥwaṣ’s students! Thus, the following is perhaps more likely.
I found that al-Bukhārī, in his Ṣaḥīḥ (3658), transmitted it from:
4—The hadith of ʿAbd Allāh ibn al-Zubayr:
Ibn Abī Mulaykah narrates it from him, and is one of his students, as stated in Tahdhīb al-Kamāl (15/256) and Tuḥfat al-Ashrāf (4/232), where he mentioned the hadith.
Two narrators explicitly report it from Ibn Abī Mulaykah, from Ibn al-Zubayr:
1—Ayyūb: in al-Bukhārī.