Silsilat al-Ahadith al-SahihahNasir al-Din al-Albani

I say: This is the sound conclusion, so hold fast to it. Further evidence that anything other than water does not suffice for menstrual blood is the Prophet’s statement in the second hadith: “Water is sufficient for you.” Its implication is that anything other than water is not sufficient. Reflect on this.

Second: Menstrual blood must be washed away, even if it is only a small amount, because of the general nature of the command. But must some cleansing substance be used to remove the remaining trace of impurity, such as lote-tree leaves, soap, and the like? The Hanafis and others held that this is not obligatory, citing the absence of any mention of such a cleansing agent in the first two hadiths. Al-Shafi‘i and the Prophet’s Household, as stated in Nayl al-Awtar (1/35–36), held that it is obligatory, citing the command to use lote-tree leaves in the third hadith, since they are a cleansing substance. Al-San‘ani inclined to this view, saying in Subul al-Salam (1/55), in response to the Moroccan commentator’s statement, “The first view is more apparent”:

“It may be said that the command has been reported to wash menstrual blood with water and lote-tree leaves, and lote-tree leaves are a cleansing substance. The hadith which mentions this is of the highest authenticity, as you have learned. It therefore qualifies what is stated without restriction in other reports, such as the two preceding hadiths. Such cleansing treatment is confined to menstrual blood, and other impurities are not analogized to it, since the conditions for analogy are not fulfilled. The hadith, ‘Its trace will not harm you,’ and Aisha’s statement, ‘It did not go away,’ are understood to refer to what remains after using a cleansing agent.”

I say: This is closer to the apparent meaning of the hadith. It is strange that Ibn Hazm did not address it at all in al-Muhalla (1/102), as though it had not reached him.

Third: Menstrual blood is impure, because of the command to wash it, and there is consensus on this, as al-Shawkani (1/35) related from al-Nawawi. As for other kinds of blood, I know of no proof that they are impure, apart from what al-Qurtubi mentioned in his exegesis (2/221): “The scholars agree that blood is impure.” He stated it thus—“blood”—without qualification, but this is open to criticism on two grounds:

First: Ibn Rushd mentioned this with a qualification, saying in Bidayat al-Mujtahid (1/62):

قلت: وهذا هو التحقيق فشد عليه بالنواجذ. ومما يدل على أن غير الماء لا يجزىء في دم الحيض قوله ﷺ في الحديث الثاني: " يكفيك الماء " فإن مفهومه أن غير الماء لا يكفي. فتأمل. الثاني: أنه يجب غسل دم الحيض ولو قل، لعموم الأمر، وهل يجب استعمال شيء من المواد لقطع أثر النجاسة كالسدر والصابون ونحوهما؟ فذهب الحنفية وغيرهم إلى عدم الوجوب مستدلين بعدم ورود الحاد في الحديثين الأولين، وذهب الشافعي والعترة كما في " نيل الأوطار " (١ / ٣٥ - ٣٦) إلى الوجوب واستدلوا بالأمر بالسدر في الحديث الثالث وهو من المواد، وجنح إلى هذا الصنعاني فقال في " سبل السلام " (١ / ٥٥) ردا على الشارح المغربي في قوله " والقول الأول أظهر ": " وقد يقال: قد ورد الأمر بالغسل لدم الحيض بالماء والسدر، والسدر من الحواد والحديث، الوارد به في غاية الصحة كما عرفت، فيقيد به ما أطلق في غيره (كالحديثين السابقين) ويخص الحاد بدم الحيض، ولا يقاس عليه غيره من النجاسات، وذلك لعدم تحقق شروط القياس، ويحمل حديث " ولا يضرك أثره "، وقول عائشة: " فلم يذهب " أي بعد الحاد ". قلت: وهذا هو الأقرب إلى ظاهر الحديث، ومن الغريب أن ابن حزم لم يتعرض له في " المحلى " (١ / ١٠٢) بذكر، فكأنه لم يبلغه. الثالث: أن دم الحيض نجس للأمر بغسله، وعليه الإجماع كما ذكره الشوكاني (١ / ٣٥) عن النووي، وأما سائر الدماء فلا أعلم نجاستها اللهم إلا ما ذكره القرطبي في " تفسيره " (٢ / ٢٢١) من " اتفقا العلماء على نجاسة الدم ". هكذا قال " الدم " فأطلقه، وفيه نظر من وجهين: الأول: أن ابن رشد ذكر ذلك مقيدا، فقال في " البداية " (١ / ٦٢) :

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