Furthermore, Satan is unseen, by virtue of His saying, exalted is He: “Indeed, he and his tribe see you from where you do not see them.” Thus, it is fitting that his passing not be mentioned in the hadith, nor that one be commanded to repeat the prayer—unlike the first hadith, for they are visible categories, and so it is fitting that repetition be commanded. Thus, the two differ in this respect as well.
If it is said: “If the matter is as you have stated, then what is the benefit of the command to use a sutrah?” I reply:
The command is purely devotional, and a legislated cause whose rationale cannot be independently discerned: in the first hadith, it preserves the validity of the prayer; and in the other hadith, it protects it from Satan’s whispering and his exposing it to corruption—or, at the very least, to a reduction in attentiveness and humility within it.
Furthermore, what confirms the invalidity and unsoundness of that analogy is that it renders the mention of the three categories meaningless, indeed superfluous. Such speech is far beneath the one who was the most eloquent speaker of Arabic. For, as regards distracting the mind from attentiveness and humility, there is no difference between the passer being a man or a woman; between a woman who is menstruating—that is, an adult—and one who is not yet adult; or between its being a donkey or a mule, a dog or a cat, a black dog or any other kind. All of these are distracting! Nor does it matter whether the passing takes place between the worshipper and the sutrah, or beyond it—whether far from it or brushing against it. Indeed, in all of this there would be no difference between using a sutrah and dispensing with one, since the alleged invalidation or distraction of the mind would occur in every one of these circumstances.
There is no doubt that whatever entails an absurdity is itself unsound. How, then, about that which entails such absurdities as equating, in legal ruling, what is seen with what is unseen; eliminating the distinction between the categories mentioned in the hadith and those not mentioned in it; and nullifying the command to use a sutrah altogether? This is why I said at the beginning of my response to the imām’s statement:
“It resembles the discourse of the Muʿaṭṭilah (those who deny the divine attributes)…”