3222—Regarding Allah’s saying, “That is more likely to prevent you from acting unjustly,” he said: “That you may not deal unjustly.”

It was transmitted by Ibn Ḥibbān in his Ṣaḥīḥ (no. 1730 in al-Mawārid), and by Ibn Abī Ḥātim in al-Tafsīr (2/104/2), through several routes from ʿAbd al-Raḥmān ibn Ibrāhīm: Muḥammad ibn Shuʿayb narrated to us, from ʿUmar ibn Muḥammad al-ʿUmarī, from Hishām ibn ʿUrwah, from his father, from ʿĀʾishah, from the Prophet, peace and blessings be upon him, regarding the verse …

Ibn Abī Ḥātim said:

“My father said: ‘This hadith is erroneous. The sound report from ʿĀʾishah is attributed to the Companion.’”

I say: That is what he said. Yet I was not convinced by this declaration of error, for all the narrators in the chain are trustworthy narrators of al-Bukhārī and Muslim, apart from ʿAbd al-Raḥmān ibn Ibrāhīm—namely, Abū Saʿīd al-Dimashqī, the hadith master known as Duḥaym—of whom al-Ḥāfiẓ said in al-Taqrīb:

“Trustworthy, a hadith master, precise.”

The only other exception is Muḥammad ibn Shuʿayb—namely Ibn Shābūr al-Dimashqī—who is unanimously deemed trustworthy. He is not Muḥammad ibn Shuʿayb, the narrator from Dāwūd ibn ʿAlī al-Hāshimī, the governor, who is unknown, as stated in al-Mīzān. Al-Dhahabī then mentioned this Ibn Shābūr immediately after him and said of him:

“... He is well-known, and, by Allah, I know of no fault in him.”

In Siyar (9/376), at the beginning of his biography, he described him as:

“The imam, hadith scholar, learned and truthful man ...”

He concluded it by saying:

“He was an imam, ardently devoted to seeking knowledge.”