Silsilat al-Ahadith al-SahihahNasir al-Din al-Albani

What is meant is that the meaning of the aforementioned verse, “Do you feel secure from Him who is in heaven?” is: Him who is above heaven—that is, above the Throne—as Ibn ʿAbd al-Barr (7/129, 130, and 134) and others have said, such as al-Bayhaqi in al-Asmāʾ (377), where he said: “That is, Him who is above heaven.”

This is the only possible interpretation for one who accepts the meanings of the numerous texts from the Quran and sunnah, which are agreed in affirming Allah’s highness and loftiness above, in a manner befitting His majesty. This includes His saying concerning the angels: “They fear their Lord above them,” as well as other well-known verses. This is the position of the people of the Sunna and the community, contrary to the Muʿtazilah and the Jahmiyyah, who say that Allah is in every place and is not above the Throne—as stated in al-Tamhīd (7/129).

What is astonishing about these deniers is that, by their denial, they sought to declare their Lord transcendent from being above created beings, yet they confined Him within them. It is related of Bishr al-Marīsī that when he said, “He is in everything,” he was asked, “Even in this cap of yours?” He replied, “Yes.” He was then asked, “Even inside a donkey’s belly?” He replied, “Yes!”

This assertion necessarily follows from everyone who says that He, exalted is He, is in every place. It is among the most invalid things ever said about the Lord of the worlds, the All-Wise, the Forbearing. Therefore, one of the early righteous predecessors said: “We can relate the statements of the Jews and Christians, but we cannot bring ourselves to relate the statements of the Jahmiyyah!”

Since the invalidity of this assertion was clear even to some scholars of speculative theology, they fled to an assertion even more invalid. I heard one of the preachers say from the pulpit on a Friday:

“Allah is neither above nor below, neither to the right nor to the left, neither in front nor behind; He is neither within the world nor outside it.” Some philosophers added: “Neither contiguous with it nor separate from it!”

والمقصود أن معنى الآية المذكورة (أأمنتم من في السماء) ؛ أي: من على السماء. يعني: على العرش؛ كما قال ابن عبد البر (٧/١٢٩و١٣٠و١٣٤) وغيره؛ كالبيهقي في "الأسماء" (٣٧٧) ؛ حيثما قال: "يعني: من فوق السماء". وهذا التفسير هو الذي لا يمكن القول إلا به؛ لمن سلّم بمعاني النصوص الكثيرة من القرآن والسنة المجمعة على إثبات العلو والفوقية لله تعالى علوّاً يليق بعظمته؛ كقوله تعالى في الملائكة: (يخافون رَبَّهُم مِنْ فوقهم) وغيرها من الآيات المعروفة، وعلى هذا أهل السنة والجماعة؛ خلافاً للمعتزلة والجهمية في قولهم: إن الله ﷿ في كل مكان، وليس على العرش! كما في "التمهيد" (٧/١٢٩) . والعجيب من أمر هؤلاء النفاة أنهم أرادوا بنفيهم تنزيه ربهم أن يكون فوق المخلوقات؛ فحصروه في داخلها، كما روي عن بشر المريسي أنه لما قال: هو في كل شيء! قيل له: وفي قَلَنْسُوتك هذه؟ قال: نعم، قيل: وفي جوف حمار؟! قال: نعم! وهذا القول يلزم كل من يقول بأنه تعالى في كل مكان، وهو من أبطل ما قيل في رب العالمين الحكيم الحليم، ولذلك قال بعض السلف: إنا لنحكي كلام اليهود والنصارى ولا نستطيع أن نحكي كلام الجهمية! ولوضوح بطلان هذا القول لبعض علماء الكلام؛ فرُّوا إلى القول بما هو أبطل منه، وسمعته بأذني من بعض الخطباء يوم الجمعة على المنبر: الله ليس فوق ولا تحت، ولا يمين ولا يسار، ولا أمام ولا خلف، لا داخل العالم ولا خارجه، وزاد بعض الفلاسفة: لا متصلاً به، ولا منفصلاً عنه!!

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