I said: This narrator is abandoned, and al-Haythami (8 / 162) deemed the report defective on his account. As for al-Qasim ibn Saʿid, who narrated from him, I could find no biographical notice for him; the same is true of ʿAbd Allah ibn Tamim. Al-Mizzi mentioned him among those who narrated from his father, giving his name in the diminutive as “ʿUbayd Allah,” and indicated that the chain of transmission to him was unsound by saying, “if it is preserved.”

As for al-Haytham Abu Saʿid, al-Bukhari and Ibn Abi Hatim mentioned him in their respective books as having narrated from Ghalib al-Qattan, but they did not mention anyone who narrated from him; they also stated that he was from Basra. Thus, in addition to that abandoned narrator, the chain of transmission contains unknown narrators.

Sufyan narrated its opening portion from Abu al-Huwayrith, from a man of Juhaynah, attributed to the Prophet. Its full wording is: “If he fears Allah concerning the orphan and treats him well, he is like one striving in Allah’s cause, standing through the night without sleeping and fasting through the day without breaking his fast.” Ibn Mandah recorded it in al-Maʿrifah (2 / 278 / 2).

I said: This Abu al-Huwayrith was ʿAbd al-Rahman ibn Muʿawiyah ibn al-Huwayrith al-Ansari, and he is weak because of his poor retention. Ibn al-Mubarak recorded in al-Zuhd (185 / 2—al-Kawakib 575): Sufyan narrated to us from ʿAli ibn Zayd, from Zurarah ibn Abi Awfa, from Malik ibn ʿAmr—or ʿAmr ibn Malik—attributed to the Prophet, with the wording: “Whoever takes into his care an orphan in a Muslim household until he becomes independent, Paradise has certainly become incumbent for him.”