and Anas, and Jābir, and others.”
This, however, is only a summary of what appears in Al-Maqāṣid; it is not its precise wording, nor did he himself say “good and authentic (ḥasan ṣaḥīḥ).” That judgement actually belongs to al-Tirmidhī, as we noted earlier, and al-Sakhāwī merely quoted it from him and approved it. Hence al-Shawkānī felt at liberty to ascribe the phrase to al-Sakhāwī—something perfectly admissible and unobjectionable. Even so, al-Shawkānī has simply followed al-Ḥāfiẓ al-Sakhāwī in his treatment of this ḥadith, together with the error it contains; flawless infallibility belongs to Allah alone.
More serious still is another mistake al-Shawkānī makes here: in his Tafsīr he declares this additional wording weak, again imitating others, whereas the wording is in fact sound. It is reported from more than one Companion through good chains, as some leading scholars have affirmed. Al-Kawtharī ignored all of this out of mere caprice; otherwise someone of his calibre would hardly have overlooked it. Allah’s help is sought.
That very addition is transmitted in the ḥadith of Muʿāwiyah, may Allah be pleased with him, in the following form:
“Be aware that those who came before you from the People of the Scripture split into seventy-two sects, and that this community will split into seventy-three: seventy-two will be in the Fire and one will be in Paradise—and it is the Jamāʿah (main body).”
204 – “Be aware that those who came before you from the People of the Scripture split into seventy-two sects, and that this community will split into seventy-three: seventy-two will be in the Fire and one will be in Paradise—and it is the Jamāʿah.”
It was recorded by Abū Dāwūd (2/503–504), al-Dārimī (2/241), and Aḥmad (4/102); also by al-Ḥākim (1/128), al-Ājurī in al-Sharīʿah (18), Ibn Baṭṭah in Al-Ibānah (2/108/2, 119/1), and al-Lālakāʾī in Sharḥ al-Sunnah (1/23/1). All of them transmit it through the route of Ṣafwān, who said: “Azhar ibn ʿAbd Allāh al-Hawzanī narrated to me from Abū ʿĀmir ʿAbd Allāh ibn Luhay that Muʿāwiyah ibn Abī Sufyān stood before us and said: ‘Behold, the Messenger of Allah ﷺ stood before us and said…’” — and he related the ḥadith.
Al-Ḥākim, after citing it immediately following the narration from Abū Hurayrah mentioned earlier, said: