(Explanation of unfamiliar words in the hadith): A maʾmūmah wound is a head wound that reaches the membrane surrounding the brain. A jāʾifah wound is a stab wound that reaches an internal cavity; what is meant here by an internal cavity is any part possessing a transformative faculty, such as the abdomen and the brain. A munaqqilah wound is one from which small bones emerge and are displaced from their locations. It is also said to be one that displaces the bone—that is, breaks it. Thus stated in al-Nihāyah. Abū al-Ḥasan al-Sindī said: “Retaliatory retribution is excluded only because it is difficult to determine precisely.”

2191 — “Fulfil [your pledge] to them, and seek Allah’s help against them.”

Aḥmad (5/397) narrated it from Sufyān, from Abū Isḥāq, who said: One of our companions narrated to me from Ḥudhayfah that the polytheists captured him and his father, and made them promise not to fight them on the day of Badr. The Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him, said: [then he cited the above statement].

I say: Its narrators are trustworthy, apart from the unnamed person. Al-Aʿmash named him in his narration from Abū Isḥāq, saying: from Muṣʿab ibn Saʿd, who said: “The polytheists captured Ḥudhayfah and his father before Badr and wanted to kill them. They then bound them by Allah’s covenant and solemn pledge not to assist against them. So they swore to them, and they released them. They came to the Prophet, peace and blessings be upon him, and informed him,”