“He narrated from Sufyān ibn ʿUyaynah, Marḥūm al-ʿAṭṭār, and others.” He also mentioned that he was the brother of Shuʿayb ibn Ayyūb al-Ṣarīfīnī, who had been declared weak, but did not mention any criticism or accreditation concerning him.

This chain of transmission has been contradicted. Al-Bayhaqī recorded it (2/272) through Baḥr ibn Naṣr, who said: It was read to Ibn Wahb: “Dāwūd ibn Qays al-Madanī informed you that Nāfiʿ ibn Jubayr ibn Muṭʿim narrated to him that the Messenger of Allah said…” He then cited it thus as a mursal report. Its narrators are trustworthy. Al-Bayhaqī said: “Sufyān ibn ʿUyaynah has established its chain of transmission, and he is a reliable authority and a memorizer.”

I say: He is referring to what he had previously recorded through Abū Dāwūd, from a group who said: Sufyān narrated to us, from Ṣafwān ibn Sulaym, from Nāfiʿ ibn Jubayr, from Sahl ibn Abī Ḥathmah, attributing it to the Prophet, who said it as quoted above, except that he said: “So that Satan may not interrupt his prayer.” Al-Nasāʾī, al-Ṭaḥāwī in al-Mushkil (3/251), and al-Ḥākim also recorded it by this route. Ibn Ḥibbān (409) and Aḥmad declared it authentic, as did a number of others, as I have documented in Ṣaḥīḥ Abī Dāwūd (692).

ʿĪsā ibn Mūsā ibn Iyās differed from him in narrating from Ṣafwān, saying: from Nāfiʿ ibn Jubayr, from Sahl ibn Saʿd, attributed to the Prophet. Al-Ṭaḥāwī recorded it—though an omission occurred in its chain of transmission—as did Abū Nuʿaym in al-Ḥilyah (3/165), through Ismāʿīl ibn Jaʿfar, from ʿĪsā, with this chain. Abū Nuʿaym said: “This is how Ismāʿīl reported it: ‘Sahl ibn Saʿd.’ ʿUbayd Allah ibn Abī Jaʿfar followed him in this. There is disagreement over its transmission from Ṣafwān: Ibn ʿUyaynah narrated it from Ṣafwān, from Nāfiʿ, from Sahl; while Yazīd ibn Hārūn narrated it from Shuʿbah, from Wāqid ibn Muḥammad, from Ṣafwān, from Muḥammad ibn Sahl ibn Ḥunayf, from his father, with similar wording.”

In sum, the soundest chain is Ibn ʿUyaynah’s narration from Sahl ibn Abī Ḥathmah. Thus, the hadith belongs under the Musnad of Sahl ibn Abī Ḥathmah, not that of Jubayr ibn Muṭʿim or anyone else.

1387 — “There are three matters concerning which I swear: Allah will not treat one who has a share in Islam as one who has no share in it; and the shares of Islam are three: fasting