because it is well known among scholars of this discipline that Abu Ishaq al-Sabi'i suffered memory impairment and practised concealment of intermediaries in transmission, whereas Shu'bah narrated from him before that impairment. Moreover, Shu'bah explicitly stated that Abu Ishaq heard it from al-Bara', unlike all the other narrators who reported from him.
A similar account has also been authentically reported from Usayd ibn Hudayr, who was the subject of the incident. In that report, however, he was reciting Surah al-Baqarah. If the two accounts refer to one incident, they may be reconciled by saying that he recited it together with Surah al-Kahf; otherwise, they are two separate incidents, and there is nothing objectionable in their having occurred more than once.
Ibn Nasr recorded this in Night Prayer (p. 97), as did Ibn Hibban (1716) and al-Hakim (1/554), who declared it authentic according to Muslim's criteria; al-Dhahabi agreed with him, and they are correct. It also has another route from Usayd recorded by al-Tabarani in The Middle Collection (2/107/2). Al-Bukhari (9/57) and Muslim (2/194) also recorded, from the hadith of Abu Sa'id al-Khudri, may Allah be pleased with him, that Usayd ibn Hudayr was reciting one night in his enclosure ... a report similar to it.
The sakinah (tranquillity) mentioned in the Quran and Hadith has been referred to repeatedly. Many views concerning its meaning have been related by al-Hafiz, including Wahb's view that it is a spirit from Allah, and the view that it is a gentle breeze with a face resembling that of a human being. Al-Hafiz said: “This is the view most suited to the hadith under discussion, though Wahb's view is not far-fetched.” And Allah knows best.
- “Rejoice, and give the people glad tidings: whoever sincerely declares, ‘There is no god worthy of worship but Allah,’ shall enter Paradise.”
Ahmad (4/411) recorded it: Bahz narrated to us; Hammad ibn Salamah narrated to us; Abu Imran al-Jawni narrated to us from Abu Bakr ibn Abi Musa, from his father, that the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him, said: “…” He then cited it. They went out to give the people glad tidings, but Umar, may Allah be pleased with him, met them. When they gave him the glad tidings, he sent them back. The Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him, said: “Who sent you back?” They replied: “Umar.” He said: “Why did you send them back, Umar?” He replied: “Otherwise, the people would rely upon it, O Messenger of Allah!”
I say: This is an authentic chain of transmission; all its narrators are trustworthy and are among Muslim's narrators, and Abu Imran