Minhaj as-Sunnah - Ibn Taimiya - (2/402)

Minhaj as-SunnahIbn Taimiya

Adam and say:

“You are Adam, the father of mankind. Allah created you with His Hand, breathed into you of His Spirit, and commanded His angels to prostrate themselves before you (1). Intercede for us with your Lord.”

Adam will then recall his sin. They will go to Noah, Abraham, Moses, and Jesus (2), and Jesus will say to them (3), “Go to Muhammad—a servant whose past and future sins Allah has forgiven.” Thus, the reason his intercession will be accepted is the perfection of his servitude and the completeness of Allah’s forgiveness of him. Had this been true of Adam, he would have interceded (4) for those assembled for Judgment.

Fourth, when this verse was revealed, “His Companions [may Allah be pleased with them] (5) said, ‘O Messenger of Allah, this is for you; but what is there for us?’ Allah Most High then revealed:

{It is He who sent down tranquility into the hearts of the believers so that they might increase in faith along with their faith.}

[Surah al-Fath: 4]”

Had “future sins” referred to their sins, he would have said, “This verse is [for you] (6).”

Fifth, how could any rational person say that Allah has forgiven all the sins of his community, when he knows that some of them will enter the Fire—even if they later leave it (7) through intercession?

(1) N and M: “the angels.” (2) B and A: “and Jesus and Moses.” (3) B and A: “They will say to them.” The speaker here is Jesus, may blessings and peace be upon him. (4) B and A: “interceded.” (5) “May Allah be pleased with them” is omitted from N and M. (6) B, A, and M: “…what came later were among their sins, he would have said, ‘This verse’”; this is an error. N omits the words “for you.” (7) B: “and he will leave”; A: “and if he leaves.”

آدَمَ فَيَقُولُونَ: أَنْتَ آدَمُ أَبُو الْبَشَرِ خَلَقَكَ اللَّهُ بِيَدِهِ وَنَفَخَ فِيكَ مِنْ رُوحِهِ وَأَسْجَدَ لَكَ مَلَائِكَتَهُ (١) ، اشْفَعْ لَنَا إِلَى رَبِّكَ، فَيَذْكُرُ خَطِيئَتَهُ، وَيَأْتُونَ نُوحًا وَإِبْرَاهِيمَ وَمُوسَى وَعِيسَى (٢) فَيَقُولُ لَهُمْ (٣) : اذْهَبُوا إِلَى مُحَمَّدٍ عَبْدٌ غَفَرَ اللَّهُ لَهُ مَا تَقَدَّمَ مِنْ ذَنْبِهِ وَمَا تَأَخَّرَ. فَكَانَ سَبَبُ قَبُولِ شَفَاعَتِهِ كَمَالَ عُبُودِيَّتِهِ وَكَمَالَ مَغْفِرَةِ اللَّهِ لَهُ، فَلَوْ كَانَتْ هَذِهِ لِآدَمَ لَكَانَ يَشْفَعُ (٤) لِأَهْلِ الْمَوْقِفِ. وَأَمَا رَابِعًا: فَلِأَنَّ هَذِهِ الْآيَةَ لَمَّا نَزَلَتْ «قَالَ أَصْحَابُهُ [رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُمْ] (٥) : يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ هَذَا لَكَ فَمَا لَنَا؟ فَأَنْزَلَ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى: {هُوَ الَّذِي أَنْزَلَ السَّكِينَةَ فِي قُلُوبِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ لِيَزْدَادُوا إِيمَانًا مَعَ إِيمَانِهِمْ} » [سُورَةُ الْفَتْحِ: ٤] فَلَوْ كَانَ مَا تَأَخَّرَ ذُنُوبَهُمْ لَقَالَ: هَذِهِ الْآيَةُ [لَكُمْ] (٦) . وَأَمَا خَامِسًا: فَكَيْفَ يَقُولُ عَاقِلٌ: إِنَّ اللَّهَ غَفَرَ ذُنُوبَ أُمَّتِهِ كُلَّهَا، وَقَدْ عَلِمَ أَنَّ مِنْهُمْ مَنْ يَدْخُلُ النَّارَ؟ وَإِنْ خَرَجَ (٧) مِنْهَا بِالشَّفَاعَةِ؟

(١) ن، م: الْمَلَائِكَةُ. (٢) ب، أ: وَعِيسَى وَمُوسَى. (٣) ب، أ: فَيَقُولُونَ لَهُمْ. وَالْقَائِلُ هَنَا عِيسَى عَلَيْهِ الصَّلَاةُ وَالسَّلَامُ. (٤) ب، أ: شَفَعَ. (٥) رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُمْ: سَاقِطَةٌ مِنْ (ن) ، (م) . (٦) ب، أ، م:. . . تَأَخَّرَ مِنْ ذُنُوبِهِمْ لَقَالَ هَذِهِ الْآيَةُ، وَهُوَ خَطَأٌ، وَفِي (ن) سَقَطَتْ كَلِمَةُ " لَكُمْ ". (٧) ب: وَيَخْرُجُ ; أ: وَإِنْ يَخْرُجْ.