Minhaj as-SunnahIbn Taimiya

If by it you mean a positive reality, the argument would be:

“Whatever is not within an existing thing cannot be seen.”

This premise [is not conceded, and there is no evidence establishing it; rather, it is] (1) [false] (2), for the outer surface of the universe can be seen, although the universe is not within another universe.

If by “direction” you mean a privative reality, then the second premise is not conceded, for we do not concede that He is not in a direction according to this interpretation.

This is among the arguments with which I addressed (3) more than one member of the Shia and the Muʿtazila, and Allah caused him to benefit (4) from it. Through this distinction (5), the confusion and denial of the divine attributes that had arisen concerning this matter were dispelled (6). They believed (7) that what (8) they possessed by way of rational arguments denying the vision was conclusive, such that no text from the Messengers could be accepted in support of the contrary (9). When it became clear (10) to them that these (11) were merely specious arguments founded upon ambiguous terms and meanings liable to confusion, it became evident that what is authentically established from the Messenger [- may Allah bless him and grant him peace -] (12) is the truth that must be accepted. But this is not the [place] (13) for a full exposition of this subject, for this denier merely made a passing allusion to their position (14). \ 0 5

(1) The text in square brackets appears only in ʿ. N and M have a single word in its place: *ʿalayhā* (“for it”). (2) “False” is absent from N and M. (3) B, N, and M read: “with which I addressed”; A reads: “with which she was addressed.” (4) B, A, N, and M read: “and Allah brought benefit through it.” (5) B and A read: “because of this interpretation”; N and M read: “through this distinction.” (6) B and A read: “and leading astray”; N and M read: “and explanation.” (7) B, A, N, and M read: “they say.” (8) “What” is absent from B and A. (9) N and M read: “some of them.” (10) B and A read: “it was made clear.” (11) “That they were” is absent from B and A. (12) B and A read: “the Messengers”; N and M read: “the Messenger.” (13) B and A read: “not here”; N and M read: “this is not.” (14) “An allusion” is absent from B and A. The passage following this word is absent from B, A, and N; the omission extends to p. 358.
فَإِذَا أَرَدْتَ بِهِ أَمْرًا وُجُودِيًّا كَانَ التَّقْدِيرُ: كُلُّ مَا لَيْسَ فِي شَيْءٍ مَوْجُودٍ لَا يُرَى. وَهَذِهِ الْمُقَدِّمَةُ [مَمْنُوعَةٌ وَلَا دَلِيلَ عَلَى إِثْبَاتِهَا بَلْ هِيَ] (١) [بَاطِلَةٌ] (٢) فَإِنَّ سَطْحَ الْعَالَمِ يُمْكِنُ أَنْ يُرَى وَلَيْسَ الْعَالَمُ فِي عَالَمٍ آخَرَ. وَإِنْ أَرَدْتَ بِالْجِهَةِ أَمْرًا عَدَمِيًّا كَانَتِ الْمُقَدِّمَةُ الثَّانِيَةُ مَمْنُوعَةً، فَلَا نُسَلِّمُ أَنَّهُ لَيْسَ بِجِهَةٍ بِهَذَا التَّفْسِيرِ. وَهَذَا مِمَّا خَاطَبْتُ (٣) بِهِ غَيْرَ وَاحِدٍ مِنَ الشِّيعَةِ وَالْمُعْتَزِلَةِ فَنَفَعَهُ (٤) اللَّهُ بِهِ، وَانْكَشَفَ بِسَبَبِ هَذَا التَّفْصِيلِ (٥) مَا وَقَعَ فِي هَذَا الْمَقَامِ مِنْ الِاشْتِبَاهِ وَالتَّعْطِيلِ (٦) . وَكَانُوا يَعْتَقِدُونَ (٧) أَنَّ مَا (٨) مَعَهُمْ مِنَ الْعَقْلِيَّاتِ النَّافِيَةِ لِلرُّؤْيَةِ قَطْعِيَّةٌ لَا يُقْبَلُ فِي نَقِيضِهَا (٩) نَصُّ الرُّسُلِ، فَلَمَّا تَبَيَّنَ (١٠) لَهُمْ أَنَّهَا (١١) شُبُهَاتٌ مَبْنِيَّةٌ عَلَى أَلْفَاظٍ مُجْمَلَةٍ وَمَعَانٍ مُشْتَبِهَةٍ، تَبَيَّنَ أَنَّ الَّذِي ثَبَتَ عَنِ الرَّسُولِ [- صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ -] (١٢) هُوَ الْحَقُّ الْمَقْبُولُ، وَلَكِنْ لَيْسَ هَذَا [الْمَكَانُ] (١٣) مَوْضِعَ بَسْطِ هَذَا، فَإِنَّ هَذَا النَّافِيَ إِنَّمَا أَشَارَ إِلَى قَوْلِهِمْ إِشَارَةً (١٤) . \ ٠ ٥
(١) مَا بَيْنَ الْمَعْقُوفَتَيْنِ فِي (ع) فَقَطْ. وَفِي (ن) ، (م) تُوجَدُ كَلِمَةٌ وَاحِدَةٌ بَدَلًا مِنْهُ هِيَ " عَلَيْهَا ". (٢) بَاطِلَةٌ: سَاقِطَةٌ مِنْ (ن) ، (م) . (٣) ب، ن، م: مَا خَاطَبْتُ ; أ: مَا خُوطِبَتْ. (٤) ب، ا، ن، م: فَنَفَعَ. (٥) ب، ا: بِسَبَبِ هَذَا التَّفْسِيرِ ; ن، م: بِهَذَا التَّفْصِيلِ. (٦) ب، ا: وَالتَّضْلِيلِ ; ن، م: وَالتَّعْلِيلِ. (٧) ب، ا، ن، م: يَقُولُونَ. (٨) مَا: سَاقِطَةٌ مِنْ (ب) ، (أ) . (٩) ن، م: بَعْضِهَا. (١٠) ب، ا: بُيِّنَ. (١١) أَنَّهَا: سَاقِطَةٌ مِنْ (ب) ، (أ) . (١٢) ب، ا: الرُّسُلِ ; ن، م: الرَّسُولِ. (١٣) ب، ا: لَيْسَ هُنَا ; ن، م: لَيْسَ هَذَا. (١٤) إِشَارَةً: سَاقِطَةٌ مِنْ (ب) ، (أ) . وَمَا يَلِي هَذِهِ الْكَلِمَةَ سَاقِطٌ مِنْ (ب) ، (أ) ، (ن) ، وَيَنْتَهِي ص ٣٥٨.

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