Minhaj as-SunnahIbn Taimiya

and this is a transition (1) from not acting to acting. Whether such a thing is called change and transition (2) or not, it remains possible for that which is at rest to move and pass (3) from rest to motion (4), [even if both are positive realities (5).

As for the assertion:

“What necessitates its pre-eternity is among the concomitants of necessary existence,”

the answer is that its continuance may be conditional upon the will not attaching to its cessation, or upon something else, just as they maintain concerning the cause of temporal events. The Necessary Existent passed from not acting to acting; therefore, whatever answer they give regarding that (6) also answers this. If they affirm the perpetuity of His agency, both their position and ours are invalidated.

In short, (7) is it possible (8) for something to originate from the Pre-eternal without a temporally originated cause, and for one of the two alternatives of a possible thing to be preferred merely by power? If so, the one possessing power may bring about the motion whereby the preceding state of rest is removed, whether that rest is a positive reality or a privation] (9).

The one who denies corporeality said:

“This entails that the Creator is a locus for motion and temporal events (10), or for accidents. This is false.”

(1) B and A read: “and that is permissible”; N and M read: “and that is change and transition.” The adopted reading is from (ʿ). (2) (ʿ) reads: “an alteration and a transition”; B, A, and M read: “a change or a transition.” The adopted reading is from N. (3) B and A read: “and transfer”; (ʿ) reads: “and it moves.” (4) There is a lacuna in N and M after the phrase “to motion.” (5) (ʿ) reads: “even if it is two positive realities,” which is a corruption. (6) “Regarding that” is omitted from B and A. (7) (ʿ) reads: “Thus, in sum.” (8) (ʿ) reads: “they permit.” (9) The text between square brackets is omitted from N and M. (10) N and M read: “and temporal events.”
وَذَلِكَ تَحَوُّلٌ (١) مِنْ أَنْ لَا يَفْعَلَ إِلَى أَنْ يَفْعَلَ ; سَوَاءٌ سُمِّيَ مِثْلُ هَذَا تَغَيُّرًا وَانْتِقَالًا (٢) أَوْ لَمْ يُسَمَّ، جَازَ أَنْ يَتَحَرَّكَ السَّاكِنُ وَيَنْتَقِلَ (٣) مِنَ السُّكُونِ إِلَى الْحَرَكَةِ (٤) [وَإِنْ كَانَا وُجُودِيَّيْنِ (٥) . وَقَوْلُ الْقَائِلِ: الْمُقْتَضِي لِقِدَمِهِ مِنْ لَوَازِمِ الْوُجُوبِ. جَوَابُهُ أَنْ يُقَالَ: قَدْ يَكُونُ بَقَاؤُهُ مَشْرُوطًا بِعَدَمِ تَعَلُّقِ الْإِرَادَةِ بِزَوَالِهِ أَوْ بِغَيْرِ ذَلِكَ، كَمَا يَقُولُونَهُ فِي سَبَبِ الْحَوَادِثِ، فَإِنَّ الْوَاجِبَ انْتَقَلَ مِنْ أَنْ لَا يَفْعَلَ إِلَى أَنْ يَفْعَلَ، فَمَا كَانَ جَوَابُهُمْ عَنْ ذَلِكَ (٦) كَانَ جَوَابًا عَنْ هَذَا، وَإِنْ قَالُوا بِدَوَامِ الْفَاعِلِيَّةِ بِطَلَ قَوْلُهُمْ وَقَوْلُنَا. وَبِالْجُمْلَةِ (٧) هَلْ يَجُوزُ (٨) أَنْ يَحْدُثَ عَنِ الْقَدِيمِ أَمْرٌ بِلَا سَبَبٍ حَادِثٍ، وَتَرْجِيحُ أَحَدِ طَرَفِيِ الْمُمْكِنِ بِمُجَرَّدِ الْقُدْرَةِ؟ وَحِينَئِذٍ فَيَجُوزُ أَنْ يُحْدِثَ الْقَادِرُ مَا بِهِ يُزِيلُ السُّكُونَ الْمَاضِي مِنَ الْحَرَكَةِ، سَوَاءٌ كَانَ ذَلِكَ السُّكُونُ وُجُودِيًّا أَوْ عَدَمِيًّا] (٩) . قَالَ النَّافِي: هَذَا يَلْزَمُ مِنْهُ أَنْ يَكُونَ الْبَارِئُ مَحَلًّا لِلْحَرَكَةِ وَلِلْحَوَادِثِ (١٠) أَوْ لِلْأَعْرَاضِ، وَهَذَا بَاطِلٌ.
(١) ب، أ: وَذَلِكَ يَجُوزُ ; ن، م: وَذَلِكَ تَغَيُّرٌ وَانْتِقَالٌ، وَالْمُثْبَتُ مِنْ (ع) . (٢) ع: تَغْيِيرًا وَانْتِقَالًا ; ب، أ، م: تَغَيُّرًا أَوِ انْتِقَالًا، وَالْمُثْبَتُ مِنْ (ن) . (٣) ب، أ: وَيَنْقُلَ، ع: وَتَنْتَقِلَ. (٤) بَعْدَ عِبَارَةِ إِلَى الْحَرَكَةِ سَقْطٌ مِنْ (ن) ، (م) . (٥) ع: وَإِنْ كَانَ وُجُودِيَّيْنِ، وَهُوَ تَحْرِيفٌ. (٦) عَنْ ذَلِكَ: سَاقِطٌ مِنْ (ب) ، (أ) . (٧) ع: فَفِي الْجُمْلَةِ. (٨) ع: هُمْ يُجَوِّزُونَ. (٩) مَا بَيْنَ الْمَعْقُوفَتَيْنِ سَاقِطٌ مِنْ (ن) ، (م) . (١٠) ن، م: وَالْحَوَادِثِ.

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