Minhaj as-Sunnah - Ibn Taimiya - (1/81)

Minhaj as-SunnahIbn Taimiya

his commands and prohibitions, so too is anyone who lives after his death.

The Prophet’s command—may Allah bless him and grant him peace—is comprehensive and applies universally to every believer, whether present with him or absent from him during his lifetime, as well as after his death. This (1) does not belong to any of the imams, nor is it conferred by the Imamate. Indeed, when he—may Allah bless him and grant him peace—commanded particular people to do certain things or issued rulings concerning particular cases, his rulings and commands were not restricted to those specific cases. Rather, they remained applicable to all analogous and similar cases until the Day of Resurrection. Thus, his words—[may Allah bless him and grant him peace] (2)—to those present with him, (“Do not precede me in bowing or prostrating” (3)), establish a ruling for everyone praying behind an imam: he must not precede him in bowing or prostrating.

Likewise, when a man said, “I did not realize, and I shaved before stoning,” he replied, “Stone, and there is no harm”; and when another said, “I slaughtered before shaving,” he replied, “Shave, and there is no harm.” These commands apply to anyone in the same situation (4).

The same applies to his words to Aisha [may Allah be pleased with her] (5), when she began menstruating while performing ʿumra: (“Do what the pilgrim does, except that you must not

(1) A and B read: “And this does not...” (2) A and B add: “may Allah bless him and grant him peace.” (3) The prohibition against preceding the imam in bowing or prostration is reported in numerous hadiths from several Companions. See Muslim, 1:320 (Book of Prayer, chapter: “The Prohibition of Preceding the Imam in Bowing, Prostration, or Similar Acts”); *Sunan Ibn Mājah*, 1:308–309 (Book of Establishing the Prayer, chapter: “The Prohibition of Preceding the Imam in Bowing and Prostration”); and *Sunan al-Dārimī*, 1:301–302 (Book of Prayer, chapter: “The Prohibition of Preceding the Imams in Bowing and Prostration”). (4) Hadiths permitting the rites to be performed out of sequence are reported from several Companions. See al-Bukhārī, 2:173–175 (Book of Hajj, chapters: “Slaughtering before Shaving” and “Stoning after Evening Has Come”); and Muslim, 2:948–950 (Book of Hajj, chapter: “One Who Shaves before Sacrificing”). (5) A and B add: “may Allah be pleased with her.”

أَمْرِهِ وَنَهْيِهِ، يَجِبُ ذَلِكَ عَلَى مَنْ يَكُونُ بَعْدَ مَوْتِهِ. وَهُوَ - صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - أَمْرُهُ شَامِلٌ عَامٌّ لِكُلِّ مُؤْمِنٍ شَهِدَهُ، أَوْ غَابَ عَنْهُ فِي حَيَاتِهِ، وَبَعْدَ مَوْتِهِ، وَلَيْسَ هَذَا (١) لِأَحَدٍ مِنَ الْأَئِمَّةِ، وَلَا يُسْتَفَادُ هَذَا بِالْإِمَامَةِ حَتَّى أَنَّهُ - صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - إِذَا أَمَرَ نَاسًا مُعَيَّنِينَ بِأُمُورٍ، وَحَكَمَ فِي أَعْيَانٍ مُعَيَّنَةٍ بِأَحْكَامٍ لَمْ يَكُنْ حُكْمُهُ، وَأَمْرُهُ مُخْتَصًّا بِتِلْكَ الْمُعَيَّنَاتِ، بَلْ كَانَ ثَابِتًا فِي نَظَائِرِهَا وَأَمْثَالِهَا إِلَى يَوْمِ الْقِيَامَةِ، فَقَوْلُهُ - [صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ -] (٢) لِمَنْ شَهِدَهُ: ( «لَا تَسْبِقُونِي بِالرُّكُوعِ، وَلَا بِالسُّجُودِ» (٣) .) هُوَ حُكْمٌ ثَابِتٌ لِكُلِّ مَأْمُومٍ بِإِمَامٍ أَنْ لَا يَسْبِقَهُ بِالرُّكُوعِ، وَلَا بِالسُّجُودِ، وَقَوْلُهُ لِمَنْ قَالَ: «لَمْ أَشْعُرْ، فَحَلَقْتُ قَبْلَ أَنْ أَرْمِيَ قَالَ: (ارْمِ وَلَا حَرَجَ.) » ، وَلِمَنْ قَالَ: «نَحَرْتُ قَبْلَ أَنْ أَحْلِقَ. قَالَ: (احْلِقْ وَلَا حَرَجَ.) » أَمْرٌ لِمَنْ كَانَ مِثْلَهُ (٤) ، وَكَذَلِكَ قَوْلُهُ لِعَائِشَةَ [رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهَا] (٥) لَمَّا حَاضَتْ، وَهِيَ مُعْتَمِرَةٌ: ( «اصْنَعِي مَا يَصْنَعُ الْحَاجُّ غَيْرَ أَنْ لَا

(١) أ، ب: وَهَذَا لَيْسَ. (٢) صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ: زِيَادَةٌ فِي (أ) ، (ب) . (٣) جَاءَ النَّهْيُ عَنِ السَّبْقِ بِالرُّكُوعِ وَالسُّجُودِ فِي أَحَادِيثَ كَثِيرَةٍ عَنْ عَدَدٍ مِنَ الصَّحَابَةِ فِي: مُسْلِمٍ ١/٣٢٠ (كِتَابُ الصَّلَاةِ، بَابُ تَحْرِيمِ سَبْقِ الْإِمَامِ بِرُكُوعٍ أَوْ سُجُودٍ وَنَحْوِهِمَا) ؛ سُنَنَ ابْنِ مَاجَهْ ١/٣٠٨ - ٣٠٩ (كِتَابُ إِقَامَةِ الصَّلَاةِ، بَابُ النَّهْيِ أَنْ يُسْبَقَ الْإِمَامُ بِالرُّكُوعِ وَالسُّجُودِ) ؛ سُنَنَ الدَّارِمِيِّ ١/٣٠١ - ٣٠٢ (كِتَابُ الصَّلَاةِ، بَابُ النَّهْيِ عَنْ مُبَادَرَةِ الْأَئِمَّةِ بِالرُّكُوعِ وَالسُّجُودِ) . (٤) جَاءَتْ أَحَادِيثُ فِي جَوَازِ عَدَمِ التَّرْتِيبِ فِي الْمَنَاسِكِ عَنْ عَدَدٍ مِنَ الصَّحَابَةِ. انْظُرِ: الْبُخَارِيِّ ٢/١٧٣ - ١٧٥ (كِتَابُ الْحَجِّ، بَابُ الذَّبْحِ قَبْلَ الْحَلْقِ، بَابُ إِذَا رَمَى بَعْدَمَا أَمْسَى.) ؛ مُسْلِمٍ ٢/٩٤٨ - ٩٥٠ (كِتَابُ الْحَجِّ، بَابُ مَنْ حَلَقَ قَبْلَ النَّحْرِ.) . (٥) رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهَا: زِيَادَةٌ فِي (أ) ، (ب) .