Minhaj as-SunnahIbn Taimiya

In response, it should be said:

First, all Muslims believe that everything other than Allah is created, having come into existence after not existing, and that He alone possesses pre-eternity and beginninglessness.

It should then be said:

Second, what the Book and the Sunnah brought is the affirmation of Allah’s exclusive divinity (1): there is no deity except Him. This is the tawhīd with which Allah sent His messengers and for which He revealed His books. Allah Most High says:

“Your God is One God. There is no deity except Him, the Most Compassionate, the Most Merciful.”

[Surah al-Baqara: 163]

Allah Most High also says (2):

“Allah has said: ‘Do not take two gods. He is only One God.’”

[Surah al-Nahl: 51]

And He says:

“We never sent any messenger before you without revealing to him: ‘There is no deity except Me, so worship Me.’”

[Surah al-Anbiyā: 25]

There are many similar passages in the Quran, such as His saying, Most High:

“Know, then, that there is no deity except Allah.”

[Surah Muhammad: 19]

And His saying:

“Indeed, whenever it was said to them, ‘There is no deity except Allah,’ they would grow arrogant.”

[Surah al-Sāffāt: 35]

In short, this was the first thing to which the Messenger called [and the last] (3), as he said:

“I have been commanded to fight the people until they say (4), ‘There is no deity except Allah, and I am the Messenger of Allah.’” (5)

(1) (N), (M): “What Scripture has brought is that divinity belongs exclusively to Allah.” (2) “And He, exalted is He, said” is omitted only from (N). (3) “And its conclusion” is omitted from (N). (4) (N), (M): “that they bear witness.” (5) This hadith is narrated from several Companions in various versions in al-Bukhārī, 1/10 (Book of Faith, chapter “If They Repent and Establish Prayer...”), 9/15 (Book of Calling Apostates and Obstinate Rejecters to Repent, chapter “Killing Those Who Refuse to Accept the Obligatory Duties”); and Muslim, 1/52–53 (Book of Faith, chapter “The Command to Fight the People...”). Al-Suyūtī stated in *al-Jāmi al-Saghīr*: “It is agreed upon; the Four narrated it from Abū Hurayra, and it is mutawātir.”
فَيُقَالُ: أَوَّلًا: جَمِيعُ الْمُسْلِمِينَ يَعْتَقِدُونَ أَنَّ كُلَّ مَا سِوَى اللَّهِ مَخْلُوقٌ حَادِثٌ بَعْدَ أَنْ لَمْ يَكُنْ، وَهُوَ الْمُخْتَصُّ بِالْقِدَمِ وَالْأَزَلِيَّةِ. ثُمَّ يُقَالُ: ثَانِيًا: الَّذِي جَاءَ بِهِ الْكِتَابُ وَالسُّنَّةُ هُوَ تَوْحِيدُ الْإِلَهِيَّةِ (١) ، فَلَا إِلَهَ إِلَّا هُوَ، فَهَذَا هُوَ التَّوْحِيدُ الَّذِي بَعَثَ اللَّهُ بِهِ رُسُلَهُ وَأَنْزَلَ بِهِ كُتُبَهُ، كَمَا قَالَ تَعَالَى: {وَإِلَهُكُمْ إِلَهٌ وَاحِدٌ لَا إِلَهَ إِلَّا هُوَ الرَّحْمَنُ الرَّحِيمُ} [سُورَةُ الْبَقَرَةِ: ١٦٣] ، وَقَالَ تَعَالَى (٢) : {وَقَالَ اللَّهُ لَا تَتَّخِذُوا إِلَهَيْنِ اثْنَيْنِ إِنَّمَا هُوَ إِلَهٌ وَاحِدٌ} [سُورَةُ النَّحْلِ: ٥١] ، وَقَالَ: {وَمَا أَرْسَلْنَا مِنْ قَبْلِكَ مِنْ رَسُولٍ إِلَّا نُوحِي إِلَيْهِ أَنَّهُ لَا إِلَهَ إِلَّا أَنَا فَاعْبُدُونِ} [سُورَةُ الْأَنْبِيَاءِ: ٢٥] . وَمِثْلُ هَذَا فِي الْقُرْآنِ كَثِيرٌ، كَقَوْلِهِ تَعَالَى: {فَاعْلَمْ أَنَّهُ لَا إِلَهَ إِلَّا اللَّهُ} [سُورَةُ مُحَمَّدٍ: ١٩] ، وَقَوْلِهِ: {إِنَّهُمْ كَانُوا إِذَا قِيلَ لَهُمْ لَا إِلَهَ إِلَّا اللَّهُ يَسْتَكْبِرُونَ} [سُورَةُ الصَّافَّاتِ: ٣٥] . وَبِالْجُمْلَةِ فَهَذَا أَوَّلُ مَا دَعَا إِلَيْهِ الرَّسُولُ [وَآخِرُهُ] (٣) ; حَيْثُ قَالَ: " «أُمِرْتُ أَنْ أُقَاتِلَ النَّاسَ حَتَّى يَقُولُوا (٤) لَا إِلَهَ إِلَّا اللَّهُ وَإِنِّي رَسُولُ اللَّهِ» " (٥) .
(١) ن، م: الَّذِي جَاءَ بِهِ الْكِتَابُ أَنَّ اللَّهَ مَخْصُوصٌ بِالْإِلَهِيَّةِ. (٢) وَقَالَ تَعَالَى: سَاقِطَةٌ مِنْ (ن) فَقَطْ. (٣) وَآخِرُهُ: سَاقِطَةٌ مِنْ (ن) . (٤) ن، م: يَشْهَدُوا. (٥) الْحَدِيثُ عَنْ جَمَاعَةٍ مِنَ الصَّحَابَةِ بِرِوَايَاتٍ مُخْتَلِفَةٍ فِي: الْبُخَارِيِّ ١/١٠ (كِتَابُ الْإِيمَانِ، بَابُ فَإِنْ تَابُوا وَأَقَامُوا الصَّلَاةَ. . . إِلَخْ) ، ٩/١٥ (كِتَابُ اسْتِتَابَةِ الْمُرْتَدِّينَ وَالْمُعَانِدِينَ، بَابُ قَتْلِ مَنْ أَبَى قَبُولَ الْفَرَائِضِ) ; مُسْلِمٍ ١/٥٢ - ٥٣ (كِتَابُ الْإِيمَانِ، بَابُ الْأَمْرِ بِقِتَالِ النَّاسِ. . إِلَخْ) . وَقَالَ السُّيُوطِيُّ فِي " الْجَامِعِ الصَّغِيرِ ": " مُتَّفَقٌ عَلَيْهِ، رَوَاهُ الْأَرْبَعَةُ عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ وَهُوَ مُتَوَاتِرٌ ".

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