Minhaj as-SunnahIbn Taimiya

This was unanimously agreed upon in the earliest generation, [except perhaps for an anomalous disagreement to which no weight should be attached] (1). Even the earliest Shia (2)—the followers of Alī—had no doubt about giving Abū Bakr and Umar precedence over him. How could it be otherwise, when it is established from Alī (3), [through numerous independent lines of transmission] (4), that he used to say:

“The best of this community after its Prophet are Abū Bakr and Umar.” (5)

Yet there was a group among Alī’s followers—

(1) The passage in brackets is omitted from N and M. (2) A reads: “al-uwal (the first ones).” (3) A and B read: “from him.” (4) The passage in brackets is omitted from N and M. (5) I previously cited the text of the hadith narrated by al-Bukhārī in his *Sahīh* (5/7), from Muhammad ibn al-Hanafiyya, from his father. See this book, 1/12, 308. Abū Dāwūd narrated the same hadith through the same chain, but with slight differences in wording, in his *Sunan*, 4/288 (*Kitāb al-Sunna* [Book of the Sunnah], *Bāb fī al-Tafdīl* [Chapter on Relative Merit]). In *Sunan Ibn Mājah*, 1/39 (*al-Muqaddima* [Introduction], *Bāb Fadl Umar* [Chapter on the Merit of Umar]), Abd Allāh ibn Maslama said: “I heard Alī say: ‘The best of mankind after the Messenger of Allah—may Allah bless him and grant him peace—is Abū Bakr, and the best of mankind after Abū Bakr is Umar.’” In *al-Jāmi al-Saghīr*, 2/10 (Mustafā al-Halabī ed., 1358/1939), al-Suyūtī cited the hadith as follows: “The best of my community after me are Abū Bakr and Umar.” He stated that Ibn Asākir narrated it jointly from Alī and al-Zubayr. Al-Suyūtī graded the hadith *hasan* (sound), whereas al-Albānī graded it weak in *Daīf al-Jāmi al-Saghīr wa-Ziyādatihi*, 3/137. In *Musnad Ahmad*, vol. 2 (al-Maārif ed.), the hadith appears twenty-four times in closely similar wording: from Abū Juhayfa (hadiths 833, 835–837, 871, 878–880, and 1054); from Abd Khayr al-Hamdānī (hadiths 908, 909, 922, 932–934, 1030, 1031, 1040, 1052, and 1060); from Abd Khayr, from his father (hadiths 926 and 932); from Wahb al-Suwāī (hadith 834); and from Alqama ibn Qays (hadith 1051). Shaykh Ahmad Shākir—may Allah have mercy on him—graded the chains of all these hadiths authentic, except those of hadiths 922 and 1030, which he graded *hasan*, and that of hadith 1052, which he graded weak.
وَهَذَا كَانَ مُتَّفَقًا عَلَيْهِ فِي الصَّدْرِ الْأَوَّلِ، [إِلَّا أَنْ يَكُونَ خِلَافًا شَاذًّا لَا يُعْبَأُ بِهِ] (١) ، حَتَّى أَنَّ الشِّيعَةَ الْأُولَى (٢) أَصْحَابَ عَلِيٍّ لَمْ يَكُونُوا يَرْتَابُونَ فِي تَقْدِيمِ أَبِي بَكْرٍ وَعُمَرَ عَلَيْهِ. كَيْفَ وَقَدْ ثَبَتَ عَنْ عَلِيٍّ (٣) [مِنْ وُجُوهٍ مُتَوَاتِرَةٍ] (٤) أَنَّهُ كَانَ يَقُولُ: " خَيْرُ هَذِهِ الْأُمَّةِ بَعْدَ نَبِيِّهَا أَبُو بَكْرٍ وَعُمَرُ " (٥) وَلَكِنْ كَانَ طَائِفَةٌ مِنْ شِيعَةِ عَلِيٍّ
(١) مَا بَيْنَ الْمَعْقُوفَتَيْنِ سَاقِطٌ مِنْ (ن) ، (م) . (٢) أ: الْأُوَلَ. (٣) أ، ب: عَنْهُ. (٤) مَا بَيْنَ الْمَعْقُوفَتَيْنِ سَاقِطٌ مِنْ (ن) ، (م) . (٥) ذَكَرْتُ مِنْ قَبْلُ نَصَّ حَدِيثِ الْبُخَارِيِّ الَّذِي رَوَاهُ فِي صَحِيحِهِ (٥/٧) عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ الْحَنَفِيَّةِ عَنْ أَبِيهِ. انْظُرْ هَذَا الْكِتَابَ ١/١٢، ٣٠٨. وَرَوَى نَفْسَ الْحَدِيثِ بِنَفْسِ السَّنَدِ وَلَكِنْ بِاخْتِلَافٍ يَسِيرٍ فِي الْأَلْفَاظِ أَبُو دَاوُدَ فِي سُنَنِهِ ٤/٢٨٨ (كِتَابُ السُّنَّةِ، بَابٌ فِي التَّفْضِيلِ) . وَفِي سُنَنِ ابْنِ مَاجَهْ ١/٣٩ (الْمُقَدِّمَةُ، بَابُ فَضْلِ عُمَرَ) عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ مَسْلَمَةَ قَالَ: سَمِعْتُ عَلِيًّا يَقُولُ: خَيْرُ النَّاسِ بَعْدَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ - صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - أَبُو بَكْرٍ وَخَيْرُ النَّاسِ بَعْدَ أَبِي بَكْرٍ عُمَرُ، وَذَكَرَ السُّيُوطِيُّ فِي الْجَامِعِ الصَّغِيرِ ٢/١٠ (ط. مُصْطَفَى الْحَلَبِيِّ، ١٣٥٨/١٩٣٩) الْحَدِيثَ كَالْآتِي: " خَيْرُ أُمَّتِي بَعْدِي أَبُو بَكْرٍ وَعُمَرُ "، وَذَكَرَ أَنَّ ابْنَ عَسَاكِرَ رَوَى الْحَدِيثَ عَنْ عَلِيٍّ وَالزُّبَيْرِ مَعًا، وَحَسَّنَ السُّيُوطِيُّ الْحَدِيثَ، وَلَكِنَّ الْأَلْبَانِيَّ ضَعَّفَهُ، فِي (ضَعِيفِ الْجَامِعِ الصَّغِيرِ وَزِيَادَتِهِ ٣/١٣٧. أَمَّا فِي مُسْنَدِ أَحْمَدَ فَقَدْ وَرَدَ الْحَدِيثُ فِي الْجُزْءِ الثَّانِي (ط. الْمَعَارِفِ) بِأَلْفَاظٍ مُتَقَارِبَةٍ ٢٤ مَرَّةً كَالْآتِي: عَنْ أَبِي جُحَيْفَةَ (الْأَحَادِيثُ ٨٣٣، ٨٣٥ - ٨٣٧، ٨٧١، ٨٧٨ - ٨٨٠، ١٠٥٤) وَعَنْ عَبْدِ خَيْرٍ الْهَمْدَانِيِّ (الْأَحَادِيثُ ٩٠٨، ٩٠٩، ٩٢٢، ٩٣٢ - ٩٣٤، ١٠٣٠، ١٠٣١، ١٠٤٠، ١٠٥٢، ١٠٦٠) وَعَنْ عَبْدِ خَيْرٍ عَنْ أَبِيهِ (الْأَحَادِيثُ ٩٢٦، ٩٣٢) وَعَنْ وَهْبٍ السُّوَائِيِّ (الْحَدِيثُ ٨٣٤) وَعَنْ عَلْقَمَةَ بْنِ قَيْسٍ (الْحَدِيثُ ١٠٥١) . وَقَدْ صَحَّحَ الشَّيْخُ أَحْمَد شَاكِر - رَحِمَهُ اللَّهُ - سَنَدَ جَمِيعِ هَذِهِ الْأَحَادِيثِ مَا عَدَا سَنَدَ الْأَحَادِيثِ ٩٢٢، ١٠٣٠ فَقَدْ حَسَّنَهُمَا، ١٠٥٢ فَقَدْ ضَعَّفَهُ.

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