Minhaj as-Sunnah - Ibn Taimiya - (2/30)

Minhaj as-SunnahIbn Taimiya

“O you who believe, do not take the Jews and Christians as allies. They are allies of one another. Whoever among you allies himself with them is indeed one of them. Surely Allah does not guide the wrongdoing people.”

[Surah al-Mā’idah: 51]

—to His words:

“Your only allies are Allah, His Messenger, and the believers—those who establish prayer, give zakah, and bow down. Whoever takes Allah, His Messenger, and the believers as allies—then surely the party of Allah will be victorious.”

[Surah al-Mā’idah: 55–56] (1)

And He said:

“The believing men and believing women are allies of one another.”

[Surah al-Tawbah: 71]

Thus He affirmed mutual alliance among them and commanded that they be taken as allies. Yet the Rāfidah disavow (2) them and do not take them as allies (3). Alliance is rooted in love, just as enmity is rooted in hatred; yet they hate them and do not love them.

Some liars have fabricated a hadith alleging that this verse was revealed concerning Ali when he gave his ring in charity during prayer (4). This is a lie (5), by the consensus of knowledgeable scholars [of transmitted reports] (6), and its falsehood is evident (7) in many respects.

One is that the expression “those who” is plural, whereas Ali is one person.

Another is that the conjunction wāw (“and”) (8) is not circumstantial; for if it were, it would follow that—

(1) In N: “Whoever among you takes them as allies … Your ally is only Allah and His Messenger …,” and so forth. (2) A and B read: “distance themselves.” (3) N reads: *tuwālīhim* (“ally themselves with them”); M reads: *tatawālahum* (“take them as allies”). (4) The verse intended here is His words Most High: “Your ally is only Allah, His Messenger, and those who believe—those who establish prayer, give zakah, and are bowing” [Surah al-Mā’idah: 55]. Ibn al-Mutahhar cited the referenced fabricated hadith in full in *Minhāj al-Karāmah*. Ibn Taymiyyah quoted it in *Minhāj al-Sunnah* and refuted it in detail. See *Minhāj al-Sunnah* (Būlāq ed.), 4–9. (5) M reads: “and it is a lie.” (6) The phrase “by transmission” is absent from N and M. (7) N and M read: “is made clear.” (8) This refers to the conjunction “and” in His words Most High: “and they are bowing.”

{يَاأَيُّهَا الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا لَا تَتَّخِذُوا الْيَهُودَ وَالنَّصَارَى أَوْلِيَاءَ بَعْضُهُمْ أَوْلِيَاءُ بَعْضٍ وَمَنْ يَتَوَلَّهُمْ مِنْكُمْ فَإِنَّهُ مِنْهُمْ إِنَّ اللَّهَ لَا يَهْدِي الْقَوْمَ الظَّالِمِينَ} [سُورَةُ الْمَائِدَةِ: ٥١] إِلَى قَوْلِهِ: {إِنَّمَا وَلِيُّكُمُ اللَّهُ وَرَسُولُهُ وَالَّذِينَ آمَنُوا الَّذِينَ يُقِيمُونَ الصَّلَاةَ وَيُؤْتُونَ الزَّكَاةَ وَهُمْ رَاكِعُونَ - وَمَنْ يَتَوَلَّ اللَّهَ وَرَسُولَهُ وَالَّذِينَ آمَنُوا فَإِنَّ حِزْبَ اللَّهِ هُمُ الْغَالِبُونَ} [الْمَائِدَةِ: ٥٥ - ٥٦] (١) ، وَقَالَ: {وَالْمُؤْمِنُونَ وَالْمُؤْمِنَاتُ بَعْضُهُمْ أَوْلِيَاءُ بَعْضٍ} [سُورَةُ التَّوْبَةِ: ٧١] ، فَأَثْبَتَ الْمُوَالَاةَ بَيْنَهُمْ، وَأَمَرَ بِمُوَالَاتِهِمْ، وَالرَّافِضَةُ تَتَبَرَّأُ (٢) . مِنْهُمْ، وَلَا تَتَوَلَّاهُمْ (٣) ، وَأَصْلُ الْمُوَالَاةِ الْمَحَبَّةُ، وَأَصْلُ الْمُعَادَاةِ الْبُغْضُ، وَهُمْ يُبْغِضُونَهُمْ وَلَا يُحِبُّونَهُمْ. وَقَدْ وَضَعَ بَعْضُ الْكَذَّابِينَ حَدِيثًا مُفْتَرًى أَنَّ هَذِهِ الْآيَةَ نَزَلَتْ فِي عَلِيٍّ لَمَّا تَصَدَّقَ بِخَاتَمِهِ فِي الصَّلَاةِ (٤) ، وَهَذَا كَذِبٌ (٥) . بِإِجْمَاعِ أَهْلِ الْعِلْمِ [بِالنَّقْلِ] (٦) ، وَكَذِبُهُ بَيِّنٌ (٧) ، مِنْ وُجُوهٍ كَثِيرَةٍ: مِنْهَا: أَنَّ قَوْلَهُ (الَّذِينَ) صِيغَةُ جَمْعٍ، وَعَلِيٌّ وَاحِدٌ. وَمِنْهَا: أَنَّ (الْوَاوَ) (٨) . لَيْسَتْ وَاوَ الْحَالِ، إِذْ لَوْ كَانَ كَذَلِكَ لَكَانَ

(١) فِي (ن) : وَمَنْ يَتَوَلَّهُمْ مِنْكُمْ. . إِنَّمَا وَلِيُّكُمُ اللَّهُ وَرَسُولُهُ. . إِلَخْ (٢) أ، ب: تَبِينُ (٣) ن: تُوَالِيهِمْ ; م: تَتَوَالَهُمْ (٤) الْآيَةُ الْمَقْصُودَةُ هُنَا هِيَ قَوْلُهُ تَعَالَى: (إِنَّمَا وَلِيُّكُمُ اللَّهُ وَرَسُولُهُ وَالَّذِينَ آمَنُوا الَّذِينَ يُقِيمُونَ الصَّلَاةَ وَيُؤْتُونَ الزَّكَاةَ وَهُمْ رَاكِعُونَ) [سُورَةُ الْمَائِدَةِ: ٥٥] ، وَالْحَدِيثُ الْمَوْضُوعُ الْمُشَارُ إِلَيْهِ ذَكَرَهُ ابْنُ الْمُطَهَّرِ بِتَمَامِهِ فِي " مِنْهَاجِ الْكَرَامَةِ " وَنَقَلَهُ ابْنُ تَيْمِيَّةَ فِي " مِنْهَاجِ السُّنَّةِ " وَرَدَّ عَلَيْهِ تَفْصِيلًا: انْظُرْ: مِنْهَاجَ السُّنَّةِ (بُولَاقٍ) ٤ - ٩ (٥) م: وَهُوَ كَذِبٌ (٦) بِالنَّقْلِ: سَاقِطَةٌ مِنْ (ن) ، (م) (٧) ن، م: يُتَبَيَّنُ (٨) وَهِيَ الْوَاوُ فِي قَوْلِهِ تَعَالَى: (وَهُمْ رَاكِعُونَ)