Minhaj as-Sunnah - Ibn Taimiya - (1/535)

Minhaj as-SunnahIbn Taimiya

[ibn Abd al-Muttalib], and Ubayy (1) ibn Ka'b and their peers, in an atmosphere of calm and tranquility, after (2) consulting the Muslims for three days.

As for Ali [may Allah be pleased with him] (3), allegiance was pledged to him immediately after (4) Uthmān [may Allah be pleased with him] (5) was killed, while hearts were unsettled and divided and the leading Companions were dispersed. Talha was brought in, to the point that some said that they had brought him under duress and that he said, “I pledged allegiance while al-lujj—that is, the sword—(6) was against the back of my neck.”

The fomenters of sedition possessed considerable force in Medina when they killed Uthmān, and the people were convulsed by tremendous turmoil over his killing. Many of the Companions did not pledge allegiance to Ali, including Abd Allāh ibn Umar and others like him.

In relation to him, the people fell into three groups: one group fought alongside him, another fought against him, and a third neither fought against him nor alongside him.

How, then, can it be said of Ali, “through the people’s pledge of allegiance to him,” while the same is not said of the pledge of allegiance (7) to the three, when not a single person opposed them (8)? Rather, (9) all the people pledged allegiance to them (10), and this was especially true in Uthmān’s case.

(1) N and M read: “and Ibn Masūd, al-Abbās, and Ubayy…” (2) A and B read: “and after.” (3) “May Allah be pleased with him” is an addition in A and B. (4) A and B read: “following.” (5) “May Allah be pleased with him” is an addition in A and B. (6) The phrase “that is, the sword” is omitted in A and B. (7) N alone reads: “his pledge of allegiance,” which is a textual corruption. (8) N and M read: “him,” which is incorrect. (9) A and B read: “when.” (10) N reads: “followed them.”

[بْنُ عَبْدِ الْمُطَّلِبِ] وَأُبَيُّ (١) بْنُ كَعْبٍ وَأَمْثَالُهُمْ، مَعَ سَكِينَةٍ وَطُمَأْنِينَةٍ، بَعْدَ (٢) مُشَاوَرَةِ الْمُسْلِمِينَ ثَلَاثَةَ أَيَّامٍ. وَأَمَّا عَلِيٌّ [رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ] (٣) فَإِنَّهُ بُويِعَ عَقِيبَ (٤) قَتْلِ عُثْمَانَ [رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ] (٥) وَالْقُلُوبُ مُضْطَرِبَةٌ مُخْتَلِفَةٌ، وَأَكَابِرُ الصَّحَابَةِ مُتَفَرِّقُونَ، وَأُحْضِرَ طَلْحَةُ إِحْضَارًا حَتَّى قَالَ مَنْ قَالَ: إِنَّهُمْ جَاءُوا بِهِ مُكْرَهًا، وَأَنَّهُ قَالَ، بَايَعْتُ وَاللُّجُّ - أَيِ السَّيْفُ - (٦) عَلَى قَفَيَّ. وَكَانَ لِأَهْلِ الْفِتْنَةِ بِالْمَدِينَةِ شَوْكَةٌ لَمَّا قَتَلُوا عُثْمَانَ، وَمَاجَ النَّاسُ لِقَتْلِهِ مَوْجًا عَظِيمًا. وَكَثِيرٌ مِنَ الصَّحَابَةِ لَمْ يُبَايِعْ عَلِيًّا، كَعَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ عُمَرَ وَأَمْثَالِهِ، وَكَانَ النَّاسُ مَعَهُ ثَلَاثَةَ أَصْنَافٍ: صِنْفٌ قَاتَلُوا مَعَهُ، وَصِنْفٌ قَاتَلُوهُ، وَصِنْفٌ لَمْ يُقَاتِلُوهُ وَلَمْ يُقَاتِلُوا مَعَهُ. فَكَيْفَ يَجُوزُ أَنْ يُقَالَ فِي عَلِيٍّ: بِمُبَايَعَةِ الْخَلْقِ لَهُ، وَلَا يُقَالُ مِثْلُ ذَلِكَ فِي مُبَايَعَةِ (٧) الثَّلَاثَةِ وَلَمْ يَخْتَلِفْ عَلَيْهِمْ (٨) أَحَدٌ؟ بَلْ (٩) بَايَعَهُمُ (١٠) النَّاسُ كُلُّهُمْ لَا سِيَّمَا عُثْمَانُ.

(١) ن، م: وَابْنُ مَسْعُودٍ وَالْعَبَّاسُ وَأُبَيُّ. . . (٢) أ، ب: وَبَعْدَ. (٣) رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ: زِيَادَةٌ فِي (أ) ، (ب) . (٤) أ، ب: عَقِبَ. (٥) رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ: زِيَادَةٌ فِي (أ) ، (ب) . (٦) عِبَارَةُ " أَيِ السَّيْفُ ": سَاقِطَةٌ مِنْ (أ) ، (ب) . (٧) ن (فَقَطْ) : مُبَايَعَتِهِ، وَهُوَ تَحْرِيفٌ. (٨) ن، م: عَلَيْهِ، وَهُوَ خَطَأٌ. (٩) أ، ب: لَمَّا. (١٠) ن: تَابَعَهُمُ.