Minhaj as-Sunnah - Ibn Taimiya - (1/534)

Minhaj as-SunnahIbn Taimiya

[ibn Hanbal] (1), al-Dāraqutnī (2), and others (3), said: “Whoever does not rank Uthmān above Ali (4) has disparaged the Muhājirūn and the Ansār.” This is among the proofs demonstrating that Uthmān was more virtuous, for they gave him precedence by their own choice and after consultation.

[The Muslims Were More United in Pledging Allegiance to Abū Bakr than to Ali]

As for his statement:

“Then Ali, through the people’s pledge of allegiance to him” (5).

His singling out Ali—rather than Abū Bakr, Umar, or Uthmān—as the one to whom the people pledged allegiance is plainly false. Anyone acquainted with the history of these men knows that the people’s agreement and their pledge of allegiance to Abū Bakr, Umar, and Uthmān were far more extensive than their agreement on pledging allegiance to Ali—may Allah be pleased [with him] and with them all (6). Everyone knows that their agreement on the [pledge of allegiance] (7) to Uthmān was far greater than their agreement on the [pledge of allegiance] (8) to Ali. Those who pledged allegiance to Uthmān at the outset were more virtuous than those who pledged allegiance to Ali; among those who pledged allegiance to him were Ali, Abd al-Rahmān ibn Awf, Talha, al-Zubayr], Abd Allāh] ibn Masūd, and al-Abbās

(1) “Ibn Hanbal” is an addition in A and B. (2) “And al-Dāraqutnī” is omitted in N and M. He was Abū al-Hasan Alī ibn Umar ibn Ahmad ibn Mahdī al-Baghdādī, the renowned hadith master and author of *al-Sunan*. Al-Qādī Abū al-Tayyib al-Tabarī said: “He was the Commander of the Faithful in hadith.” Al-Dāraqutnī died in AH 385. For his biography, see *Tadhkirat al-Huffāz*, 3:991–995; Ibn Khallikān, 2:459–460. (3) N and M read: “and others besides them.” (4) A and B read: “Whoever gives Alī precedence over Uthmān.” (5) See above, p. 127. (6) N reads: “May Allah be pleased with them all”; M reads: “May Allah be pleased with him” (the phrase “and with them all” is omitted). (7) “Pledge of allegiance” is omitted in N and M. (8) “Pledge of allegiance” is omitted in N and M.

[بْنِ حَنْبَلٍ] (١) ، وَالدَّارَقُطْنِيِّ (٢) ، وَغَيْرِهِمْ (٣) : مَنْ لَمْ يُقَدِّمْ عُثْمَانَ عَلَى عَلِيٍّ (٤) فَقَدْ أَزْرَى بِالْمُهَاجِرِينَ وَالْأَنْصَارِ. وَهَذَا مِنَ الْأَدِلَّةِ الدَّالَّةِ عَلَى أَنَّ عُثْمَانَ أَفْضَلُ لِأَنَّهُمْ قَدَّمُوهُ بِاخْتِيَارِهِمْ وَاشْتِوَارِهِمْ. [اتفاق المسلمين على بيعة أبي بكر أعظم من اتفاقهم على بيعة علي] وَأَمَّا قَوْلُهُ: " ثُمَّ عَلِيٌّ بِمُبَايَعَةِ الْخَلْقِ لَهُ " (٥) . فَتَخْصِيصُهُ عَلِيًّا بِمُبَايَعَةِ الْخَلْقِ لَهُ، دُونَ أَبِي بَكْرٍ وَعُمَرَ وَعُثْمَانَ، كَلَامٌ ظَاهِرُ الْبَطَلَانِ. وَذَلِكَ أَنَّهُ مِنَ الْمَعْلُومِ لِكُلِّ مَنْ عَرَفَ سِيرَةَ الْقَوْمِ أَنَّ اتِّفَاقَ الْخَلْقِ وَمُبَايَعَتَهُمْ لِأَبِي بَكْرٍ وَعُمَرَ وَعُثْمَانَ، أَعْظَمُ مِنِ اتِّفَاقِهِمْ عَلَى بَيْعَةِ عَلِيٍّ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ [عَنْهُ] وَعَنْهُمْ أَجْمَعِينَ، (٦) وَكُلُّ أَحَدٍ يَعْلَمُ أَنَّهُمُ اتَّفَقُوا عَلَى [بَيْعَةِ] (٧) عُثْمَانَ أَعْظَمَ مِمَّا اتَّفَقُوا عَلَى [بَيْعَةِ] (٨) عَلِيٍّ. وَالَّذِينَ بَايَعُوا عُثْمَانَ فِي أَوَّلِ الْأَمْرِ أَفْضَلُ مِنَ الَّذِينَ بَايَعُوا عَلِيًّا، فَإِنَّهُ بَايَعَهُ عَلِيٌّ وَعَبْدُ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنُ عَوْفٍ وَطَلْحَةُ وَالزُّبَيْرُ] وَعَبْدُ اللَّهِ] بْنُ مَسْعُودٍ وَالْعَبَّاسُ

(١) بْنِ حَنْبَلٍ: زِيَادَةٌ فِي (أ) ، (ب) . (٢) وَالدَّارَقُطْنِيُّ: سَاقِطَةٌ مِنْ (ن) ، (م) . وَهُوَ أَبُو الْحَسَنِ عَلِيُّ بْنُ عُمَرَ بْنِ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مَهْدِيٍّ، الْبَغْدَادِيُّ، الْحَافِظُ الشَّهِيرُ، صَاحِبُ السُّنَنِ. . . قَالَ الْقَاضِي أَبُو الطَّيِّبِ الطَّبَرِيُّ: أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ فِي الْحَدِيثِ. وَقَدْ تُوُفِّيَ الدَّارَقُطْنِيُّ سَنَةَ ٣٨٥. تَرْجَمَتُهُ فِي تَذْكِرَةِ الْحُفَّاظِ ٣/٩٩١ - ٩٩٥ ابْنِ خِلِّكَانَ ٢/٤٥٩ - ٤٦٠. (٣) ن، م: وَغَيْرِهِمَا. (٤) أ، ب: مَنْ قَدَّمَ عَلِيًّا عَلَى عُثْمَانَ. (٥) انْظُرْ مَا سَبَقَ ص ١٢٧. (٦) ن: رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُمْ أَجْمَعِينَ؛ م: رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ (سَقَطَتْ عِبَارَةُ: وَعَنْهُمْ أَجْمَعِينَ) . (٧) بَيْعَةِ: سَاقِطَةٌ مِنْ (ن) ، (م) . (٨) بَيْعَةِ: سَاقِطَةٌ مِنْ (ن) ، (م) .