16
his garments, and invokes the cries of the Age of Ignorance.”) (1). It is also established in the Sahih from him (2): “He has nothing to do with the woman who shaves her head, the woman who raises her voice in lamentation, and the woman who tears her garments.” (3)
(4 [The woman who shaves her head is the one who shaves her hair when calamity strikes] 4) (4). The woman who raises her voice is (5) the one who raises it [when calamity strikes] (6), lamenting the calamity; and the woman who tears her garments is the one who rends her clothes.
It is reported in the Sahih that he said: (“Indeed, if a wailing woman does not repent before her death, she will wear
(1) The hadith is narrated with similar wording from Abd Allāh ibn Masūd—may Allah be pleased with him—in al-Bukhārī, 2/81 (Book of Funerals, chapter “Whoever Tears His Garment Collars Is Not One of Us”), 2/82 (Book of Funerals, chapter “Whoever Strikes the Cheeks Is Not One of Us”), and 4/183–184 (Book of Virtues, chapter “The Prohibition of Invoking the Calls of the Age of Ignorance”); Muslim, 1/99 (Book of Faith, chapter “The Prohibition of Striking the Cheeks”); Sunan al-Tirmidhī, 2/234 (Book of Funerals, chapter “What Has Been Related Concerning the Prohibition of Striking the Cheeks”); Sunan al-Nasāī, 4/17 (Book of Funerals, chapter “The Cheeks”) and 4/18 (Book of Funerals, chapter “Tearing Garment Collars”); Sunan Ibn Mājah, 1/504–505 (Book of Funerals, chapter “What Has Been Related Concerning the Prohibition of Striking the Cheeks and Tearing Garment Collars”); and al-Musnad (al-Maārif ed.), 5/240; 6/79, 116, 167.
(2) N and M read: “And in the Sahih, from him.”
(3) The hadith narrated from Abū Mūsā al-Asharī—may Allah be pleased with him—is found in al-Bukhārī, 2/81–82 (Book of Funerals, chapter “What Is Prohibited of Shaving the Hair When Calamity Strikes”). Its wording is: “The Messenger of Allah—may Allah bless him and grant him peace—has nothing to do with the sāliqa, the woman who raises her voice in lamentation; the hāliqa, the woman who shaves her hair; and the shāqqa, the woman who tears her garment”—and the remainder of the hadith. It is also found in Muslim, 1/100 (Book of Faith, chapter “The Prohibition of Striking the Cheeks, Tearing Garment Collars, and Invoking the Calls of the Age of Ignorance”). Al-Nawawī stated in his Commentary on Muslim, 2/110: “The textual witnesses record sāliqa with sād and salaqa with sīn. Both are correct linguistic variants. Thus the verbal noun salq, the verb salaqa, and the feminine agent noun sāliqa may each be spelled with either sīn or sād. It denotes a woman who raises her voice when calamity strikes. The hāliqa is a woman who shaves her hair when calamity strikes, while the shāqqa is a woman who tears her garment when calamity strikes. This is the well-known and plainly established interpretation. Qādī Iyād related from Ibn al-Arabī that salq means striking the face. Regarding the calls of the Age of Ignorance, the Qādī stated that they comprise wailing, lamenting the deceased, crying out for woe, and similar expressions. The Age of Ignorance refers here to the interval before Islam.”
(4) The text marked 4–4 is absent from N and M.
(5) “She is” is absent from A and B.
(6) “When calamity strikes” is absent from N and M.
الْجُيُوبَ، وَدَعَا بِدَعْوَى الْجَاهِلِيَّةِ» .)
(١)
. وَثَبَتَ فِي الصَّحِيحِ عَنْهُ
(٢)
«أَنَّهُ بَرِيءٌ مِنَ الْحَالِقَةِ، وَالصَّالِقَةِ، وَالشَّاقَّةِ»
(٣)
(٤
[فَالْحَالِقَةُ الَّتِي تَحْلِقُ شَعْرَهَا عِنْدَ الْمُصِيبَةِ]
٤)
(٤)
، وَالصَّالِقَةُ هِيَ
(٥)
الَّتِي تَرْفَعُ صَوْتَهَا
[عِنْدَ الْمُصِيبَةِ]
(٦)
بِالْمُصِيبَةِ، وَالشَّاقَّةُ الَّتِي تَشُقُّ ثِيَابَهَا.
وَفِي الصَّحِيحِ عَنْهُ أَنَّهُ قَالَ:
( «إِنَّ النَّائِحَةَ إِذَا لَمْ تَتُبْ قَبْلَ مَوْتِهَا، فَإِنَّهَا تَلْبَسُ
(١) الْحَدِيثُ بِأَلْفَاظٍ مُقَارِبَةٍ عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ مَسْعُودٍ - رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ - فِي: الْبُخَارِيِّ ٢/٨١ (كِتَابُ الْجَنَائِزِ، بَابُ لَيْسَ مِنَّا مَنْ شَقَّ الْجُيُوبَ) ، ٢/٨٢ (كِتَابُ الْجَنَائِزِ، بَابُ لَيْسَ مِنَّا مَنْ ضَرَبَ الْخُدُودَ) ، ٤/١٨٣ - ١٨٤ (كِتَابُ الْمَنَاقِبِ، بَابُ مَا يَنْهَى عَنْ دَعْوَةِ الْجَاهِلِيَّةِ) ؛ مُسْلِمٌ ١/٩٩ (كِتَابُ الْإِيمَانِ، بَابُ تَحْرِيمِ ضَرْبِ الْخُدُودِ) ؛ سُنَنَ التِّرْمِذِيِّ ٢/٢٣٤ (كِتَابُ الْجَنَائِزِ، بَابُ مَا جَاءَ فِي النَّهْيِ عَنْ ضَرْبِ الْخُدُودِ) ؛ سُنَنَ النَّسَائِيِّ ٤/١٧ (كِتَابُ الْجَنَائِزِ، بَابُ الْخُدُودِ) ، ٤/١٨ (كِتَابُ الْجَنَائِزِ، بَابُ شَقِّ الْجُيُوبِ) ؛ سُنَنَ ابْنِ مَاجَهْ ١/٥٠٤ - ٥٠٥ (كِتَابُ الْجَنَائِزِ، بَابُ مَا جَاءَ فِي النَّهْيِ عَنْ ضَرْبِ الْخُدُودِ وَشَقِّ الْجُيُوبِ) ؛ الْمُسْنَدَ (ط. الْمَعَارِفِ) ٥/٢٤٠، ٦/٧٩، ١١٦، ١٦٧. .
(٢) ن، م: وَفِي الصَّحِيحِ عَنْهُ.
(٣) الْحَدِيثُ عَنْ أَبِي مُوسَى الْأَشْعَرِيِّ - رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ - فِي: الْبُخَارِيِّ ٢/٨١ - ٨٢ (كِتَابُ الْجَنَائِزِ، بَابُ مَا يُنْهَى مِنَ الْحَلْقِ عِنْدَ الْمُصِيبَةِ) وَلَفْظُهُ: ". إِنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ - صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - بَرِيءٌ مِنَ الصَّالِقَةِ وَالْحَالِقَةِ وَالشَّاقَّةِ ". . الْحَدِيثَ. وَهُوَ فِي مُسْلِمٍ ١/١٠٠ (كِتَابُ الْإِيمَانِ؛ بَابُ تَحْرِيمِ ضَرْبِ الْخُدُودِ وَشَقِّ الْجُيُوبِ وَالدُّعَاءِ بِدَعْوَى الْجَاهِلِيَّةِ) . وَقَالَ النَّوَوِيُّ (شَرْحَ مُسْلِمٍ ٢/١١٠) : " فَالصَّالِقَةُ: وَقَعَتْ فِي الْأُصُولِ بِالصَّادِ، وَسَلَقَ بِالسِّينِ، وَهُمَا صَحِيحَانِ، وَهُمَا لُغَتَانِ: السَّلْقُ وَالصَّلْقُ وَسَلَقَ وَصَلَقَ وَهِيَ صَالِقَةٌ وَسَالِقَةٌ؛ وَهِيَ الَّتِي تَرْفَعُ صَوْتَهَا عِنْدَ الْمُصِيبَةِ. وَالْجَالِقَةُ: هِيَ الَّتِي تَحْلِقُ شَعْرَهَا عِنْدَ الْمُصِيبَةِ. وَالشَّاقَّةُ الَّتِي تَشُقُّ ثَوْبَهَا عِنْدَ الْمُصِيبَةِ. هَذَا هُوَ الْمَشْهُورُ الظَّاهِرُ الْمَعْرُوفُ. وَحَكَى الْقَاضِي عِيَاضٌ عَنِ ابْنِ الْأَعْرَابِيِّ أَنَّهُ قَالَ: الصَّلْقُ ضَرْبُ الْوَجْهِ. وَأَمَّا دَعْوَى الْجَاهِلِيَّةِ فَقَالَ الْقَاضِي: هِيَ النِّيَاحَةُ، وَنَدْبُ الْمَيِّتِ وَالدُّعَاءُ بِالْوَيْلِ وَشَبَهُهُ. وَالْمُرَادُ بِالْجَاهِلِيَّةِ مَا كَانَ فِي الْفَتْرَةِ قَبْلَ الْإِسْلَامِ.
(٤) (٤ - ٤) : سَاقِطٌ مِنْ (ن) ، (م) .
(٥) هِيَ: سَاقِطَةٌ مِنْ (أ) ، (ب) .
(٦) عِنْدَ الْمُصِيبَةِ: سَاقِطَةٌ مِنْ (ن) ، (م) .