16
He said (1): “It is inconceivable (2) that the consensus of the Companions which (3) we have related from them (4), together with the two sound reports transmitted with chains back to the Messenger of Allah—may Allah bless him and grant him peace—and recording his own words, should be challenged by the likes of these two reports traceable only as far as Umar and Aisha (5)—may Allah be pleased with them both—(6). Such reports furnish (7) no clear proof (8), for it may be that (9) this report was unknown to Umar (10), just as many matters concerning the Messenger of Allah—may Allah bless him and grant him peace—were unknown to him, such as seeking permission to enter (11)
(1) In (F), this follows immediately after the preceding passage.
(2) (F) reads: “Thus, it is inconceivable.”
(3) (N) and (M) read the plural “those who.”
(4) “From them” is omitted from (N).
(5) (N) and (M) read: “Aisha and Umar.”
(6) “May Allah be pleased with them both” is omitted from (A) and (B).
(7) (N) and (F) read the masculine form: “rests upon it.”
(8) “Clear” is omitted from (F), which instead contains the additional phrase: “something that has an evident basis.”
(9) (A) and (B) read: “although.” The reading adopted here is from (N) and (F), 4/178. “That” is omitted from (M).
(10) (F) reads: “Umar—may Allah be pleased with him.”
(11) In al-Bukhārī, 8/54–55 (*Book of Seeking Permission*, “Chapter on Greeting and Seeking Permission Three Times”), Abū Saīd al-Khudrī said: “I was in one of the gatherings of the Ansar when Abū Mūsā arrived looking alarmed. He said, ‘I sought permission to enter Umar’s presence three times, but I was not admitted, so I turned back.’ Umar asked, ‘What prevented you?’ I replied, ‘I sought permission three times, but I was not admitted, so I turned back. The Messenger of Allah—may Allah bless him and grant him peace—said: “If one of you seeks permission three times and is not admitted, let him turn back.”’ Umar said, ‘By Allah, you must produce evidence for this. Did anyone among you hear it from the Prophet—may Allah bless him and grant him peace?’ Ubayy ibn Kab said, ‘By Allah, only the youngest of the group will accompany you.’ I was the youngest of the group, so I accompanied him and informed Umar that the Prophet—may Allah bless him and grant him peace—had said this.” This hadith is also found in Muslim, 3/1695–1696 (*Book of Etiquette*, “Chapter on Seeking Permission”), and *al-Muwatta*, 2/964 (*Book of Seeking Permission*, “Chapter on Seeking Permission”), with closely similar wording. A hadith conveying the same meaning appears immediately before it, 2/963, from Abū Mūsā al-Asharī. Its wording is: “Permission to enter is sought three times. If permission is granted, enter; otherwise, turn back.”
قَالَ
(١)
" وَمِنَ الْمُحَالِ
(٢)
أَنْ يُعَارَضَ إِجْمَاعُ الصَّحَابَةِ الَّذِي
(٣)
ذَكَرْنَا عَنْهُمْ
(٤)
، وَالْأَثَرَانِ الصَّحِيحَانِ الْمُسْنَدَانِ إِلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ - صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - مِنْ لَفْظِهِ، بِمِثْلِ هَذَيْنِ الْأَثَرَيْنِ الْمَوْقُوفَيْنِ عَلَى عُمَرَ وَعَائِشَةَ
(٥)
- رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُمَا -
(٦)
مِمَّا لَا تَقُومُ بِهِ
(٧)
حُجَّةٌ ظَاهِرَةٌ
(٨)
، مِنْ أَنَّ
(٩)
هَذَا الْأَثَرُ خَفِيَ عَلَى عُمَرَ
(١٠)
كَمَا خَفِيَ عَلَيْهِ كَثِيرٌ مِنْ أَمْرِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ - صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - كَالِاسْتِئْذَانِ
(١١)
(١) بَعْدَ الْكَلَامِ السَّابِقِ مُبَاشَرَةً فِي (ف) .
(٢) ف: فَمِنَ الْمُحَالِ.
(٣) ن، م: الَّذِينَ.
(٤) عَنْهُمْ: لَيْسَتْ فِي (ن) .
(٥) ن، م: عَائِشَةَ وَعُمَرَ.
(٦) رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُمَا: لَيْسَتْ فِي (أ) ، (ب) .
(٧) ن، ف: يَقُومُ بِهِ.
(٨) ظَاهِرَةٌ: سَاقِطَةٌ مِنْ (ف) ، وَبَدَلًا مِنْهَا عِبَارَةٌ زَائِدَةٌ وَهِيَ: " مِمَّا لَهُ وَجْهٌ ظَاهِرٌ ".
(٩) أ، ب: مَعَ أَنَّ. وَالْمُثْبَتُ مِنْ (ن) ، (ف) ٤/١٧٨. وَسَقَطَتْ (أَنَّ) مِنْ (م) .
(١٠) ف: عُمَرَ - رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ -.
(١١) فِي الْبُخَارِيِّ ٨/٥٤ - ٥٥ (كِتَابُ الِاسْتِئْذَانِ، بَابُ التَّسْلِيمِ وَالِاسْتِئْذَانِ ثَلَاثًا) عَنْ أَبِي سَعِيدٍ الْخُدْرِيِّ قَالَ: كُنْتُ فِي مَجْلِسٍ مِنْ مَجَالِسِ الْأَنْصَارِ إِذْ جَاءَ أَبُو مُوسَى كَأَنَّهُ مَذْعُورٌ، فَقَالَ: اسْتَأْذَنْتُ عَلَى عُمَرَ ثَلَاثًا فَلَمْ يُؤْذَنْ لِي فَرَجِعْتُ، فَقَالَ: مَا مَنَعَكَ؟ قُلْتُ: اسْتَأْذَنْتُ ثَلَاثًا فَلَمْ يُؤْذَنْ لِي فَرَجَعْتُ، وَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ - صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ -: " إِذَا اسْتَأْذَنَ أَحَدُكُمْ ثَلَاثًا فَلَمْ يُؤْذَنْ لَهُ فَلْيَرْجِعْ ". فَقَالَ: " وَاللَّهِ لَتُقِيمَنَّ عَلَيْهِ بَيِّنَةً. أَمِنْكُمْ أَحَدٌ سَمِعَهُ مِنَ النَّبِيِّ - صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ -؟ فَقَالَ أُبَيُّ بْنُ كَعْبٍ: وَاللَّهِ لَا يَقُومُ مَعَكَ إِلَّا أَصْغَرُ الْقَوْمِ. فَكُنْتُ أَصْغَرَ الْقَوْمِ فَقُمْتُ مَعَهُ فَأَخْبَرْتُ عُمَرَ أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ - صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - قَالَ ذَلِكَ. وَهَذَا الْحَدِيثُ فِي مُسْلِمٍ ٣/١٦٩٥ - ١٦٩٦ (كِتَابُ الْآدَابِ، بَابُ الِاسْتِئْذَانِ) ؛ الْمُوَطَّأِ ٢/٩٦٤ (كِتَابُ الِاسْتِئْذَانِ، بَابُ الِاسْتِئْذَانِ) بِأَلْفَاظٍ مُتَقَارِبَةٍ وَجَاءَ حَدِيثٌ بِمَعْنَاهُ قَبْلَهُ مُبَاشَرَةً ٢/٩٦٣ عَنْ أَبِي مُوسَى الْأَشْعَرِيِّ وَنَصُّهُ: " الِاسْتِئْذَانُ ثَلَاثٌ، فَإِنْ أُذِنَ لَكَ فَادْخُلْ، وَإِلَّا فَارْجِعْ ".