16
take graves as places of worship. Take heed: do not take graves as places of worship, for I forbid you from doing so.” Narrated by Muslim (1).
He also said:
“Among the worst of people are those whom the Hour overtakes while they are alive, and those who take graves as places of worship.”
Narrated by [Imam] Ahmad and Ibn Hibbān (2) in his Sahīh (3).
He also said:
“O Allah, do not make my grave an idol that is worshipped. Allah’s wrath was severe against a people who took the graves of their prophets as places of worship.”
Narrated by Mālik in al-Muwatta (4).
(1) The hadith is narrated from Jundub ibn Abd Allah—may Allah be pleased with him—in Muslim, 1:377–78 (Book of Mosques and Places of Prayer, chapter on the prohibition of building places of worship over graves). Its wording is: “I heard the Prophet—peace and blessings be upon him—say five days before his death: ‘I disavow before Allah the taking of any one of you as a khalīl (most intimate friend), for Allah Most High has taken me as a khalīl, just as He took Abraham as a khalīl. Had I taken anyone from my nation as a khalīl, I would have taken Abū Bakr as a khalīl. Take heed: those before you used to take the graves of their prophets and righteous people as places of worship. Take heed: do not take graves as places of worship; I forbid you from doing so.’”
(2) (A) and (B): “Narrated by the Imam and Ibn Hibbān”; (N) and (M): “Narrated by Ahmad and Ibn Hibbān.”
(3) The hadith is narrated from Abd Allah ibn Masūd—may Allah be pleased with him—in *al-Musnad* (al-Maārif ed.), 5:324; 6:90, 162. The editor—may Allah have mercy on him—authenticated the hadith as sound in all these places. At 5:324, he stated: “It is also found in *Majma al-Zawāid*, 2:27, where al-Haythamī said: ‘It was narrated by al-Tabarānī in *al-Kabīr*, and its chain of transmission is sound.’” It also appears there at 8:13, where he said: “It was narrated by al-Bazzār through two chains of transmission. One contains Āsim ibn Bahdalah, who is trustworthy although there is some weakness in him; the remaining transmitters are narrators of *al-Sahīh*.” The first part of the hadith, ending with the Prophet’s words—peace and blessings be upon him—“while they are alive,” also appears in *al-Bukhārī*, 9:49 (Book of Tribulations, chapter on the emergence of tribulations).
(4) The hadith appears in *al-Muwatta*, 1:172 (Book of Shortening the Prayer While Traveling, general chapter on prayer). Its wording is: “Atā ibn Yasār related that the Messenger of Allah—peace and blessings be upon him—said: ‘O Allah, do not make my grave an idol that is worshipped. Allah’s wrath was severe against a people who took the graves of their prophets as places of worship.’” The editor stated: “Ibn Abd al-Barr said: ‘There is no disagreement in what is narrated from Mālik that this hadith is *mursal* (missing the Companion link in its chain).’” A *marfū* hadith attributed directly to the Prophet with similar wording is narrated from Abū Hurayrah—may Allah be pleased with him—from the Prophet—peace and blessings be upon him: “O Allah, do not make my grave an idol that is worshipped. Allah has cursed a people who took the graves of their prophets as places of worship.” Shaykh Ahmad Shākir—may Allah have mercy on him—authenticated the hadith as sound; see his extensive commentary.
يَتَّخِذُونَ الْقُبُورَ مَسَاجِدَ، أَلَا فَلَا تَتَّخِذُوا الْقُبُورَ مَسَاجِدَ فَإِنِّي أَنْهَاكُمْ عَنْ ذَلِكَ»
". رَوَاهُ مُسْلِمٌ
(١)
.
وَقَالَ:
"
«إِنَّ مِنْ شِرَارِ النَّاسِ مَنْ تُدْرِكُهُمُ السَّاعَةُ وَهُمْ أَحْيَاءٌ، وَالَّذِينَ يَتَّخِذُونَ الْقُبُورَ مَسَاجِدَ»
" رَوَاهُ
[الْإِمَامُ]
أَحْمَدُ وَابْنُ حِبَّانَ
(٢)
فِي صَحِيحِهِ
(٣)
وَقَالَ "
«اللَّهُمَّ لَا تَجْعَلْ قَبْرِي وَثَنًا يُعْبَدُ، اشْتَدَّ غَضَبُ اللَّهِ عَلَى قَوْمٍ اتَّخَذُوا قُبُورَ أَنْبِيَائِهِمْ مَسَاجِدَ»
". رَوَاهُ مَالِكٌ فِي الْمُوَطَّأِ
(٤)
.
(١) الْحَدِيثُ عَنْ جُنْدُبِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ - رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ - فِي مُسْلِمٍ ١/٣٧٧ - ٣٧٨ (كِتَابُ الْمَسَاجِدِ. .، بَابُ النَّهْيِ عَنْ بِنَاءِ الْمَسَاجِدِ عَلَى الْقُبُورِ. . . .) وَنَصُّهُ فِيهِ: سَمِعْتُ النَّبِيَّ - صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - قَبْلَ أَنْ يَمُوتَ بِخَمْسٍ وَهُوَ يَقُولُ: " إِنِّي أَبْرَأُ إِلَى اللَّهِ أَنْ يَكُونَ لِي مِنْكُمْ خَلِيلٌ، فَإِنَّ اللَّهَ تَعَالَى قَدِ اتَّخَذَنِي خَلِيلًا كَمَا اتَّخَذَ إِبْرَاهِيمَ خَلِيلًا، وَلَوْ كُنْتُ مُتَّخِذًا مِنْ أُمَّتِي خَلِيلًا لَاتَّخَذْتُ أَبَا بَكْرٍ خَلِيلًا، أَلَا وَإِنَّ مَنْ كَانَ قَبْلَكُمْ كَانُوا يَتَّخِذُونَ قُبُورَ أَنْبِيَائِهِمْ وَصَالِحِيهِمْ مَسَاجِدَ، أَلَا فَلَا تَتَّخِذُوا الْقُبُورَ مَسَاجِدَ، إِنِّي أَنْهَاكُمْ عَنْ ذَلِكَ ".
(٢) أ، ب: رَوَاهُ الْإِمَامُ وَابْنُ حِبَّانَ؛ ن، م: رَوَاهُ أَحْمَدُ وَابْنُ حِبَّانَ.
(٣) الْحَدِيثُ عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ مَسْعُودٍ - رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ - فِي الْمُسْنَدِ (ط. الْمَعَارِفِ) ٥/٣٢٤، ٦/٩٠، ١٦٢. وَصَحَّحَ الْمُحَقِّقُ - رَحِمَهُ اللَّهُ - الْحَدِيثَ فِي كُلِّ هَذِهِ الْمَوَاضِعِ وَقَالَ ٥/٣٢٤: وَهُوَ فِي مَجْمَعِ الزَّوَائِدِ ٢/٢٧ وَقَالَ (أَيِ الْهَيْثَمِيُّ) : " رَوَاهُ الطَّبَرَانِيُّ فِي الْكَبِيرِ وَإِسْنَادُهُ حَسَنٌ " وَهُوَ فِيهِ أَيْضًا ٨/١٣ وَقَالَ: " رَوَاهُ الْبَزَّارُ بِإِسْنَادَيْنِ، فِي أَحَدِهِمَا عَاصِمُ بْنُ بَهْدَلَةَ، وَهُوَ ثِقَةٌ وَفِيهِ ضَعْفٌ، وَبَقِيَّةُ رِجَالِهِ رِجَالُ الصَّحِيحِ " وَجَاءَ الْجُزْءُ الْأَوَّلُ مِنَ الْحَدِيثِ إِلَى قَوْلِ النَّبِيِّ - صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ -. . وَهُمْ أَحْيَاءٌ فِي الْبُخَارِيِّ ٩/٤٩ (كِتَابُ الْفِتَنِ، بَابُ ظُهُورِ الْفِتَنِ) .
(٤) الْحَدِيثُ فِي الْمُوَطَّأِ ١/١٧٢ (كِتَابُ قَصْرِ الصَّلَاةِ فِي السَّفَرِ، بَابُ جَامِعِ الصَّلَاةِ) وَنَصُّهُ فِيهِ:. . عَنْ عَطَاءِ بْنِ يَسَارٍ أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ - صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - قَالَ: اللَّهُمَّ لَا تَجْعَلْ قَبْرِي وَثَنًا يُعْبَدُ، اشْتَدَّ غَضَبُ اللَّهِ عَلَى قَوْمٍ اتَّخَذُوا قُبُورَ أَنْبِيَائِهِمْ مَسَاجِدَ "، قَالَ الْمُحَقِّقُ: " قَالَ ابْنُ عَبْدِ الْبَرِّ: لَا خِلَافَ عَنْ مَالِكٍ فِي إِرْسَالِ هَذَا الْحَدِيثِ ". وَجَاءَ حَدِيثٌ مَرْفُوعٌ بِأَلْفَاظٍ مُقَارِبَةٍ عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ - رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ - عَنِ النَّبِيِّ - صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ -: " اللَّهُمَّ لَا تَجْعَلْ قَبْرِي وَثَنًا يُعْبَدُ، لَعَنَ اللَّهُ قَوْمًا اتَّخَذُوا قُبُورَ أَنْبِيَائِهِمْ مَسَاجِدَ " وَصَحَّحَ الشَّيْخُ أَحْمَد شَاكِر - رَحِمَهُ اللَّهُ - الْحَدِيثَ وَانْظُرْ تَعْلِيقَهُ الْمُطَوَّلَ.