Minhaj as-Sunnah - Ibn Taimiya - (8/562)

Minhaj as-SunnahIbn Taimiya

which we shall mention, or is this exclusive to him? There are two views on this, both recognized within Ahmad’s school.

Ibn ‘Abbās confirmed what ‘Ā’ishah reported, although there was some tension between them arising from their respective relations with ‘Alī; this was why she did not name him. Ibn ‘Abbās was sympathetic to ‘Alī and could not be suspected of bias against him. Even so, he simply confirmed everything she said and identified the other man as ‘Alī. He neither accused her of lying nor found fault with anything she narrated.

The two Sahīh collections report that ‘Ā’ishah said:

“I repeatedly appealed to the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, concerning this. What prompted my repeated appeals was nothing other than my conviction that, after him, the people would never love a man who took his place. I also believed that (1) whoever took his place would be regarded by the people as an ill omen. I therefore wanted this to persuade the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, to choose someone other than Abū Bakr.”

Al-Bukhārī said:

“Ibn ‘Umar, Abū Mūsā and Ibn ‘Abbās also narrated it from the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace (2).”

The two Sahīh collections also report that she said:

“When the illness of the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, became severe, Bilāl came to notify him that it was time for prayer. He said, ‘Tell Abū Bakr to lead the people in prayer.’ She said: I said, ‘O Messenger of Allah, Abū Bakr is a tender-hearted man, and whenever he stands in your place, he does not

(1) Annahu (“that”) is omitted from (S) and (B). (2) The hadith narrated by ‘Ā’ishah, may Allah be pleased with her, appears in al-Bukhārī, 6/12 (Book of Military Expeditions, chapter on the illness and death of the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace), and Muslim, 1/313 (Book of Prayer, chapter on the imam appointing a substitute when an impediment arises…), hadith no. 93. Regarding ‘Ā’ishah’s statement, “I therefore wanted this to divert the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, from Abū Bakr,” Lisān al-‘Arab states: “‘Adala ‘an al-shay’ means ‘to turn aside from something’; its present tense is ya‘dilu, and its verbal nouns are ‘adlan and ‘udūlan.” The meaning is that she wanted this to make the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, turn away from Abū Bakr, may Allah be pleased with him, and choose someone else.

سَنَذْكُرُهَا، أَمْ ذَلِكَ مِنْ خَصَائِصِهِ؟ عَلَى قَوْلَيْنِ: هُمَا وَجْهَانِ فِي مَذْهَبِ أَحْمَدَ. وَقَدْ صَدَّقَ ابْنُ عَبَّاسٍ عَائِشَةَ فِيمَا أَخْبَرَتْ بِهِ مَعَ أَنَّهُ كَانَ بَيْنَهُمَا بَعْضُ الشَّيْءِ بِسَبَبِ مَا كَانَ بَيْنَهُمَا وَبَيْنَ عَلِيٍّ ; وَلِذَلِكَ لَمْ تُسَمِّهِ وَابْنُ عَبَّاسٍ يَمِيلُ إِلَى عَلِيٍّ وَلَا يُتَّهَمُ عَلَيْهِ، وَمَعَ هَذَا فَقَطْ صَدَّقَهَا فِي جَمِيعِ مَا قَالَتْ، وَسَمَّى الرَّجُلَ الْآخَرَ عَلِيًّا فَلَمْ يُكَذِّبْهَا، وَلَمْ يُخَطِّئْهَا فِي شَيْءٍ مِمَّا رَوَتْهُ. وَفِي الصَّحِيحَيْنِ «عَنْ عَائِشَةَ قَالَتْ: لَقَدْ رَاجَعْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فِي ذَلِكَ، وَمَا حَمَلَنِي عَلَى كَثْرَةِ مُرَاجَعَتِهِ إِلَّا أَنَّهُ لَمْ يَقَعْ فِي قَلْبِي أَنْ يُحِبَّ النَّاسُ بَعْدَهُ رَجُلًا قَامَ مَقَامَهُ أَبَدًا، وَإِلَّا إِنِّي كُنْتُ أَرَى أَنَّهُ (١) لَنْ يَقُومَ مَقَامَهُ أَحَدٌ إِلَّا تَشَاءَمَ النَّاسُ بِهِ فَأَرَدْتُ أَنْ يَعْدِلَ ذَلِكَ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ عَنْ أَبِي بَكْرٍ» ، قَالَ الْبُخَارِيُّ: " وَرَوَاهُ ابْنُ عُمَرَ وَأَبُو مُوسَى وَابْنُ عَبَّاسٍ عَنِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ (٢) " . وَفِي الصَّحِيحَيْنِ عَنْهَا «قَالَتْ لَمَّا ثَقُلَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ جَاءَ بِلَالٌ يُؤْذِنُهُ بِالصَّلَاةِ، فَقَالَ: " مُرُوا أَبَا بَكْرٍ فَلْيُصَلِّ بِالنَّاسِ " قَالَتْ: فَقُلْتُ: يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ إِنَّ أَبَا بَكْرٍ رَجُلٌ أَسِيفٌ، وَإِنَّهُ مَتَى يَقُومُ مَقَامَكَ لَا

(١) أَنَّهُ: سَاقِطَةٌ مِنْ (س) ، (ب) . (٢) الْحَدِيثُ عَنْ عَائِشَةَ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهَا فِي: الْبُخَارِيِّ ٦/١٢ (كِتَابُ الْمَغَازِي، بَابُ مَرَضِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ وَوَفَاتِهِ،) مُسْلِمٍ ١/٣١٣ (كِتَابُ الصَّلَاةِ، بَابُ اسْتِخْلَافِ الْإِمَامِ إِذَا عَرَضَ لَهُ عُذْرٌ. . .) حَدِيثٌ رَقْمُ ٩٣، وَقَوْلُ عَائِشَةَ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهَا: " فَأَرَدْتُ أَنْ يَعْدِلَ ذَلِكَ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ عَنْ أَبِي بَكْرٍ فِي " لِسَانِ الْعَرَبِ " " وَعَدَلَ عَنِ الشَّيْءِ يَعْدِلُ عَدْلًا وَعُدُولًا. حَادَ وَالْمَعْنَى: أَيْ أَنْ يَجْعَلَ ذَلِكَ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ يَحِيدُ عَنْ أَبِي بَكْرٍ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ فَيَخْتَارُ غَيْرَهُ.