Minhaj as-Sunnah - Ibn Taimiya - (8/467)

Minhaj as-SunnahIbn Taimiya

the Messenger of Allah—may Allah bless him and grant him peace—forbade him to grieve. If these vile men (1) had any shame or knowledge, they would not have made such a claim. For if Abū Bakr’s grief had been a fault in him, it would likewise have been a fault in Muhammad and Moses—may blessings and peace be upon them both (2). For Allah Most High said to Moses:

‘We will strengthen you through your brother and grant you both authority, so they cannot reach you. Through Our signs, you and those who follow you will prevail.’ [Surah al-Qasas: 35]

Then He spoke of the sorcerers when they said (3):

‘Either you throw, or we will be the first to throw,’

continuing to His words:

‘Then Moses felt fear within himself. We said, “Do not fear; you will indeed have the upper hand.”’ [Surah Tā Hā: 67, 68] (4)

Here was Moses, Allah’s Messenger, to whom He spoke directly: he had already (5) been told by Allah, Mighty and Majestic, that Pharaoh and his chiefs would not be able to reach either of them, and that he would prevail (6). Yet afterwards he felt (7) fear within himself. Moses’ feeling of fear (8) was (9) due only to his forgetting the earlier promise, whereas Abū Bakr’s grief occurred before (10) he was forbidden to grieve; and as for

(1) S, B: “al-arādhil” (the base men). (2) Al-Fisal: “ʿalā Muhammad wa-Mūsā Rasūl Allāh sallā Allāhu ʿalayhi wa-sallam ʿayban” (a fault in Muhammad and Moses, Allah’s Messenger—may Allah bless him and grant him peace). (3) Al-Fisal: “thumma qāla taʿālā ʿan al-sahara annahum qālū li-Mūsā …” (Then He, Most High, said of the sorcerers that they said to Moses …). (4) In al-Fisal, Ibn Hazm quoted all the verses consecutively. (5) Al-Fisal: “Rasūl Allāh sallā Allāhu ʿalayhi wa-sallam qad kāna …” (Allah’s Messenger—may Allah bless him and grant him peace—had already …). (6) Al-Fisal: “ilayhi, wa-anna Mūsā wa-man ittabaʿahu huwa al-ghālib …” (to him, and that Moses and those who followed him would prevail …). (7) N, S, B: “wa-awjasa” (and he felt fear). (8) Ibn Taymiyya abridged Ibn Hazm’s words, omitting nearly three lines, then resumed with the phrase “bal ījās …” (Rather, the feeling of fear …). (9) Al-Fisal: “Mūsā al-khīfata fī nafsihi lam yakun …” (Moses’ feeling of fear within himself was not …). (10) Al-Fisal: “wa-huznu Abī Bakr radiya Allāhu ʿanhu ridan li-Allāh taʿālā qabla …” (And Abū Bakr’s grief—may Allah be pleased with him—was pleasing to Allah Most High before …).

نَهَاهُ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ عَنِ الْحُزْنِ، وَلَوْ كَانَ لِهَؤُلَاءِ الْأَرْذَالِ (١) حَيَاءٌ، أَوْ عِلْمٌ لَمْ يَأْتُوا بِمِثْلِ هَذَا، إِذْ لَوْ كَانَ حُزْنُ أَبِي بَكْرٍ عَيْبًا عَلَيْهِ لَكَانَ ذَلِكَ عَلَى مُحَمَّدٍ وَمُوسَى عَلَيْهِمَا الصَّلَاةُ وَالسَّلَامُ عَيْبًا (٢) ، لِأَنَّ اللَّهَ تَعَالَى قَالَ لِمُوسَى: {سَنَشُدُّ عَضُدَكَ بِأَخِيكَ وَنَجْعَلُ لَكُمَا سُلْطَانًا فَلَا يَصِلُونَ إِلَيْكُمَا بِآيَاتِنَا أَنْتُمَا وَمَنِ اتَّبَعَكُمَا الْغَالِبُونَ} [سُورَةُ الْقَصَصِ: ٣٥] ، ثُمَّ قَالَ عَنِ السَّحَرَةِ لَمَّا قَالُوا (٣) : {إِمَّا أَنْ تُلْقِيَ وَإِمَّا أَنْ نَكُونَ أَوَّلَ مَنْ أَلْقَى} إِلَى قَوْلِهِ: {فَأَوْجَسَ فِي نَفْسِهِ خِيفَةً مُوسَى قُلْنَا لَا تَخَفْ إِنَّكَ أَنْتَ الْأَعْلَى} [سُورَةُ طه: ٦٧، ٦٨] (٤) ، فَهَذَا مُوسَى رَسُولُ اللَّهِ وَكَلِيمُهُ كَانَ قَدْ (٥) أَخْبَرَهُ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ بِأَنَّ فِرْعَوْنَ وَمَلَأَهُ لَا يَصِلُونَ إِلَيْهِمَا، وَأَنَّهُ هُوَ الْغَالِبُ (٦) ، ثُمَّ أَوْجَسَ (٧) فِي نَفْسِهِ خِيفَةً بَعْدَ ذَلِكَ فَإِيجَاسُ (٨) مُوسَى لَمْ يَكُنْ (٩) إِلَّا لِنِسْيَانِهِ الْوَعْدَ الْمُتَقَدِّمَ، وَحُزْنُ أَبِي بَكْرٍ كَانَ قَبْلَ (١٠) أَنْ يُنْهَى عَنْهُ، وَأَمَّا

(١) ١) س، ب: الْأَرَاذِلِ (٢) ٢) الْفِصَلُ: عَلَى مُحَمَّدٍ وَمُوسَى رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ عَيْبًا (٣) ٣) الْفِصَلُ: ثُمَّ قَالَ تَعَالَى عَنِ السَّحَرَةِ أَنَّهُمْ قَالُوا لِمُوسَى. . (٤) ٤) فِي الْفِصَلِ ذَكَرَ ابْنُ حَزْمٍ الْآيَاتِ كُلَّهَا مُتَّصِلَةً (٥) ٥) الْفِصَلُ: رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَدْ كَانَ. (٦) ٦) الْفِصَلُ: إِلَيْهِ، وَأَنَّ مُوسَى وَمَنِ اتَّبَعَهُ هُوَ الْغَالِبُ. . (٧) ٧) ن، س، ب: وَأَوْجَسَ. (٨) ٨) اخْتَصَرَ ابْنُ تَيْمِيَةَ كَلَامَ ابْنِ حَزْمٍ وَتَرَكَ مَا يَقْرُبُ مِنْ ثَلَاثَةِ أَسْطُرٍ مِنْ كَلَامِهِ، وَبَدَأَ كَلَامَهُ بَعْدَ ذَلِكَ بِعِبَارَةِ: " بَلْ إِيجَاسُ. . (٩) الْفِصَلُ: مُوسَى الْخِيفَةَ فِي نَفْسِهِ لَمْ يَكُنْ. . . (١٠)) الْفِصَلُ: وَحُزْنُ أَبِي بَكْرٍ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ رِضًا لِلَّهِ تَعَالِي قَبْلَ. .