Minhaj as-Sunnah - Ibn Taimiya - (8/442)

Minhaj as-SunnahIbn Taimiya

to relinquish your protection, for we are unwilling to violate your pledge of protection (1), yet we will not allow Abū Bakr to practise his worship publicly.’

ʿĀ’ishah said: Ibn al-Daghinah went to Abū Bakr and said: ‘You know the terms on which I pledged you my protection. Either confine yourself to those terms or release me from my pledge, for I do not wish the Arabs to hear that my protection was violated (2) in the case of a man to whom I had pledged it.’

Abū Bakr said: ‘I relinquish your protection and am content with Allah’s protection (3).’

Allah’s Messenger was in Mecca at that time. Allah’s Messenger—may Allah bless him and grant him peace—said:

‘I have been shown (4) the land to which you will migrate: a land of date palms between two rocky tracts’—that is, the two plains of black stone—(5).

Those who migrated then went to Medina, and most of those who had migrated to Abyssinia returned and went to Medina. Abū Bakr prepared to leave for Medina, but the Prophet—may Allah bless him and grant him peace—said: ‘Wait (6), for I hope to be granted permission.’

Abū Bakr asked: ‘Do you hope for that? May my father and mother be sacrificed for you!’ He replied: ‘Yes.’

So Abū Bakr postponed his own departure (7) to wait for Allah’s Messenger—may Allah bless him and grant him peace—so that he could accompany him. He fed two riding camels he owned with acacia foliage—which is

(1) ن, م: an nuhaqqiraka (“that we belittle you”); this is a textual corruption. Ibn Hajar said: “Nukhfiraka is pronounced with u on the first letter, a dotted khā’, and i on the fā’; it means ‘betray you.’ Khafarahu means ‘he protected him,’ whereas akhfarahu means ‘he betrayed him.’” (2) ن: annī ahqirtu (“that I was belittled”); this is a textual corruption. (3) Bi-jiwār Allāh (“under Allah’s protection”): that is, His security and protection. (4) م: qad ra’aytu (“I have seen”). (5) Ibn Hajar said: “His words, ‘between two rocky tracts, which are the two black-stone tracts,’ are an interpolation in the report, belonging to al-Zuhrī’s explanation. A black-stone tract is land whose stones are black.” (6) ‘Alā rislika (“take your time”), with i on the first letter: that is, proceed unhurriedly. Risl means moving at an easy pace. (7) Fa-habasa nafsahu (“so he restrained himself”): that is, he refrained from emigrating.

أَنْ يَرُدَّ إِلَيْكَ جِوَارَكَ؛ فَإِنَّا قَدْ كَرِهْنَا أَنْ نُخْفِرَكَ (١) ، وَلَسْنَا مُقِرِّينَ لِأَبِي بَكْرٍ الِاسْتِعْلَانَ. قَالَتْ عَائِشَةُ: فَأَتَى ابْنُ الدَّغِنَةِ أَبَا بَكْرٍ؛ فَقَالَ: قَدْ عَلِمْتَ الَّذِي عَقَدْتُ لَكَ عَلَيْهِ؛ فَإِمَّا أَنْ تَقْتَصِرَ عَلَى ذَلِكَ، وَإِمَّا أَنْ تَرُدَّ إِلَيَّ ذِمَّتِي، فَإِنِّي لَا أُحِبُّ أَنْ تَسْمَعَ الْعَرَبُ أَنِّي أُخْفِرْتُ (٢) فِي رَجُلٍ عَقَدْتُ لَهُ، قَالَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ: إِنِّي أَرُدُّ إِلَيْكَ جِوَارَكَ، وَأَرْضَى بِجِوَارِ اللَّهِ (٣) ، وَرَسُولُ اللَّهِ يَوْمَئِذٍ بِمَكَّةَ؛ فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ - صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ -: " قَدْ أُرِيتُ (٤) دَارَ هِجْرَتِكُمْ: ذَاتَ نَخْلٍ، بَيْنَ لَابَتَيْنِ - وَهُمَا الْحُرَّتَانِ - (٥) فَهَاجَرَ مَنْ هَاجَرَ إِلَى الْمَدِينَةِ، وَرَجَعَ عَامَّةُ مَنْ كَانَ هَاجَرَ بِأَرْضِ الْحَبَشَةِ إِلَى الْمَدِينَةِ، وَتَجَهَّزَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ قِبَلَ الْمَدِينَةِ فَقَالَ النَّبِيُّ - صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ -: " عَلَى رِسْلِكَ (٦) ، فَإِنِّي أَرْجُو أَنْ يُؤْذَنَ لِي " فَقَالَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ: وَهَلْ تَرْجُو ذَلِكَ بِأَبِي أَنْتَ وَأُمِّي؟ قَالَ " نَعَمْ " فَحَبَسَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ نَفْسَهُ (٧) عَلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ - صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - لِيَصْحَبَهُ، وَعَلَفَ رَاحِلَتَيْنِ كَانَتَا عِنْدَهُ وَرَقَ السَّمُرِ - وَهُوَ

(١) ن، م: أَنْ نُحَقِّرَكَ، وَهُوَ تَحْرِيفٌ. وَقَالَ ابْنُ حَجَرٍ: " نُخْفِرَكَ: بِضَمِّ أَوَّلِهِ وَبِالْخَاءِ الْمُعْجَمَةِ وَكَسْرِ الْفَاءِ، أَيْ نَغْدِرَ بِكَ. يُقَالُ: خَفَرَهُ إِذَا حَفِظَهُ وَأَخْفَرَهُ إِذَا غَدَرَ بِهِ ". (٢) ن: أَنِّي أُحْقِرْتُ، وَهُوَ تَحْرِيفٌ. (٣) بِجِوَارِ اللَّهِ: أَيْ أَمَانِهِ وَحِمَايَتِهِ. (٤) م: قَدْ رَأَيْتُ. (٥) قَالَ ابْنُ حَجَرٍ، " قَوْلُهُ: بَيْنَ لَابَتَيْنِ وَهُمَا الْحُرَّتَانِ: هَذَا مُدْرَجٌ فِي الْخَبَرِ، وَهُوَ مِنْ تَفْسِيرِ الزُّهْرِيِّ، وَالْحُرَّةُ أَرْضٌ حِجَارَتُهَا سُودٌ ". (٦) عَلَى رِسْلِكَ: بِكَسْرِ أَوَّلِهِ: أَيْ عَلَى مَهْلِكَ، وَالرِّسْلُ: السَّيْرُ الرَّقِيقُ. (٧) فَحَبَسَ نَفْسَهُ: أَيْ مَنَعَهَا مِنِ الْهِجْرَةِ