Minhaj as-Sunnah - Ibn Taimiya - (8/441)

Minhaj as-SunnahIbn Taimiya

and helps others in times of genuine hardship?’ Quraysh ratified (1) Ibn al-Daghinah’s protection and assured Abū Bakr of his safety. They told Ibn al-Daghinah: ‘Tell Abū Bakr to worship his Lord in his own house. Let him pray and recite as much as he wishes, but he must not disturb us (2) by doing so or practise it publicly, for we fear that he may draw our children and women away from their religion.’

Ibn al-Daghinah conveyed this to Abū Bakr, who began worshipping his Lord in his house and did not publicly perform (3) his prayers or recitation outside it. Then Abū Bakr decided to build a mosque in the open space in front of his house. He went out and would pray there and recite the Quran. The polytheists’ women and children would crowd (4) around him; [they] would marvel [at him] and watch him (5). Abū Bakr—may Allah be pleased with him—was a man who wept often and could not hold back his tears when reciting the Quran.

This alarmed the leading men of Quraysh, so they sent for Ibn al-Daghinah. When he came to them, they said: ‘We had [already] (6) granted protection (7) to Abū Bakr on condition that he worship his Lord in his own house. But he has gone beyond that: he has built a mosque in the open space in front of his house and has made his prayers and recitation public. We fear that he may draw our children and women away from their religion. Go to him. If he wishes to confine himself to worshipping his Lord in his house, let him do so. Otherwise, if he refuses (8) to do anything but practise it publicly, then ask him

(1) م: wa-anfadhat (“and [Quraysh] ratified it”); س, ب: fa-anfadha (“then [Quraysh] ratified it”). (2) ن: wa-lā yu’dhinā (“and he must not disturb us”). (3) ن, م: wa-lā yashtaghilanna (“nor must he occupy himself [with it]”). This is a textual corruption. (4) In al-Bukhārī’s “Virtues of the Ansār,” the reading is fa-yataqadhdhafu (“so they flock to him”). Ibn Hajar said: “It appeared earlier in the chapter on guarantees as fa-yataqassafu, meaning that they crowd around him until some fall upon others and are almost crushed. The expression yataqassafu is used hyperbolically. Al-Khattābī said: ‘This is the reliably transmitted reading.’” (5) ن, م, س: “And they marvel and watch him.” (6) Qad (“already”) is an addition in (م). (7) Ajarnā (“we granted protection”): Ibn Hajar said: “Most transmitters have jīm and rā’; al-Qābisī’s reading has zā’, meaning ‘we permitted him.’ The first reading is more appropriate.” (8) ن, م: wa-in abā (“and if he refuses”).

وَيُعِينُ عَلَى نَوَائِبِ الْحَقِّ، فَأَنْفَذَتْ (١) قُرَيْشٌ جِوَارَ ابْنِ الدَّغِنَةِ، وَآمَنُوا أَبَا بَكْرٍ وَقَالُوا لِابْنِ الدَّغِنَةِ: مُرْ أَبَا بَكْرٍ فَلْيَعْبُدْ رَبَّهُ فِي دَارِهِ، فَلْيُصَلِّ وَلْيَقْرَأْ مَا شَاءَ، وَلَا يُؤْذِينَا (٢) بِذَلِكَ، وَلَا يَسْتَعْلِنَّ بِهِ، فَإِنَّا قَدْ خَشِينَا أَنْ يَفْتِنَ أَبْنَاءَنَا وَنِسَاءَنَا، فَقَالَ ذَلِكَ ابْنُ الدَّغِنَةِ لِأَبِي بَكْرٍ، فَطَفِقَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ يَعْبُدُ رَبَّهُ فِي دَارِهِ وَلَا يَسْتَعْلِنَّ (٣) بِالصَّلَاةِ وَالْقِرَاءَةِ فِي غَيْرِ دَارِهِ. ثُمَّ بَدَا لِأَبِي بَكْرٍ فَابْتَنَى بِفِنَاءِ دَارِهِ مَسْجِدًا، وَبَرَزَ فَكَانَ يُصَلِّي فِيهِ، وَيَقْرَأُ الْقُرْآنَ فَتَنْقَصِفُ (٤) عَلَيْهِ نِسَاءُ الْمُشْرِكِينَ وَأَبْنَاؤُهُمْ، [وَهُمْ] يَعْجَبُونَ [مِنْهُ] وَيَنْظُرُونَ إِلَيْهِ (٥) ، وَكَانَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ - رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ - رَجُلًا بَكَّاءً لَا يَمْلِكُ دَمْعَهُ حِينَ يَقْرَأُ الْقُرْآنَ فَأَفْزَعَ ذَلِكَ أَشْرَافَ قُرَيْشٍ، فَأَرْسَلُوا إِلَى ابْنِ الدَّغِنَةِ فَقَدِمَ عَلَيْهِمْ؛ فَقَالُوا: إِنَّا كُنَّا [قَدْ] (٦) أَجَرْنَا (٧) أَبَا بَكْرٍ عَلَى أَنْ يَعْبُدَ رَبَّهُ فِي دَارِهِ، وَإِنَّهُ جَاوَزَ ذَلِكَ، فَابْتَنَى مَسْجِدًا بِفِنَاءِ دَارِهِ، وَأَعْلَنَ بِالصَّلَاةِ وَالْقِرَاءَةِ، وَقَدْ خَشِينَا أَنْ يَفْتِنَ أَبْنَاءَنَا وَنِسَاءَنَا فَأْتِهِ، فَإِنْ أَحَبَّ أَنْ يَقْتَصِرَ عَلَى أَنْ يَعْبُدَ رَبَّهُ فِي دَارِهِ فَعَلَ، وَإِلَّا فَإِنْ أَبَى (٨) إِلَّا أَنْ يُعْلِنَ ذَلِكَ، فَسَلْهُ

(١) م: وَأَنْفَذَتْ، س، ب: فَأَنْفَذَ (٢) ن: وَلَا يُؤْذِنَا (٣) ن، م: وَلَا يَشْتَغِلَنَّ، وَهُوَ تَحْرِيفٌ. (٤) فِي الْبُخَارِيِّ فِي " مَنَاقِبِ الْأَنْصَارِ " فَيَتَقَذَّفُ. وَقَالَ ابْنُ حَجَرٍ: " تَقَدَّمَ فِي الْكَفَالَةِ بِلَفْظِ " فَيَتَقَصَّفُ " أَيْ يَزْدَحِمُونَ عَلَيْهِ حَتَّى يَسْقُطَ بَعْضُهُمْ عَلَى بَعْضٍ فَيَكَادُ يَنْكَسِرُ، وَأَطْلَقَ يَتَقَصَّفُ مُبَالِغَةً؛ قَالَ الْخَطَّابِيُّ: هَذَا هُوَ الْمَحْفُوظُ ". (٥) ن م، س: وَيَعْجَبُونَ وَيَنْظُرُونَ إِلَيْهِ. (٦) قَدْ: زِيَادَةٌ فِي (م) . (٧) أَجَرْنَا: قَالَ ابْنُ حَجَرٍ: " بِالْجِيمِ وَالرَّاءِ لِلْأَكْثَرِ، وَلِلْقَابِسِيِّ بِالزَّاءِ: أَيْ أَبَحْنَا لَهُ، وَالْأَوَّلُ أَوْجَهُ ". (٨) ن، م: وَإِنْ أَبَى.