Minhaj as-Sunnah - Ibn Taimiya - (8/437)

Minhaj as-SunnahIbn Taimiya

at a time when the polytheists were unaware of his departure, and he could have chosen [not] to help him (1).

How, then, can this claim stand when it is established in the two Sahīh collections that Abū Bakr sought his permission to emigrate, but he did not grant it until he emigrated with him, and that the Prophet—may Allah bless him and grant him peace—informed him privately of the emigration? (2)

The two Sahīh collections report that al-Barā’ ibn ‘Āzib said:

“Abū Bakr came to my father at his home and bought a saddle from him. He said to ‘Āzib (3): ‘Send your son with me to carry it to my house.’ I carried it, and my father went with him to collect its price. My father said: ‘O Abū Bakr, tell me what you both did on the night you travelled (4) with the Prophet—may Allah bless him and grant him peace.’

He replied: ‘Yes, we travelled throughout that night and the following day until the sun stood at its height at noon and the road was deserted, with no one passing us. Then there came into view (5) a tall rock with shade that the sun had not yet reached. We stopped beside it, and I went to the rock and smoothed out with my hands a place where [the Prophet]—the Prophet: (6)—may Allah bless him and grant him peace—could sleep in its shade. Then I spread a fur cloak over the spot (7). I then said: “Sleep, O Messenger of Allah, while I scout the area around you (8).” So the Messenger of Allah slept

(1) All copies read an yu‘īnahu (“that he help him”). The editor of (ب) notes that he added lā (“not”) to make the wording coherent. (2) This will be explained in detail below (see p.). (3) I shall compare the following text with al-Bukhārī’s version to highlight the important differences, Allah willing. (4) م: sirta (“you travelled”). Sarā and asrā are two synonymous forms. (5) ن, م: waqa‘tu (“I fell”). The adopted reading is that found in al-Bukhārī. Wa-rufi‘at lanā sakhratun (“a rock came into view before us”) means that it became visible to us. (6) Omitted from (ن). In (م): rasūl Allāh (“the Messenger of Allah”). (7) What is meant is the familiar fur garment worn as clothing. (8) In the commentary on Muslim: “That is, I search to ensure that no enemy is present.”

فِي وَقْتٍ لَمْ يَشْعُرْ بِهِ الْمُشْرِكُونَ، وَكَانَ يُمْكِنُهُ أَنْ [لَا] يُعِينَهُ (١) . فَكَيْفَ وَقَدْ ثَبَتَ فِي الصَّحِيحَيْنِ أَنَّ أَبَا بَكْرٍ اسْتَأْذَنَهُ فِي الْهِجْرَةِ، فَلَمْ يَأْذَنْ لَهُ حَتَّى هَاجَرَ مَعَهُ، وَالنَّبِيُّ - صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - أَعْلَمَهُ بِالْهِجْرَةِ فِي خَلْوَةٍ (٢) فَفِي الصَّحِيحَيْنِ عَنِ الْبَرَاءِ بْنِ عَازِبٍ قَالَ: «جَاءَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ إِلَى أُبَيٍّ فِي مَنْزِلِهِ فَاشْتَرَى مِنْهُ رَحْلًا، فَقَالَ لِعَازِبٍ (٣) : ابْعَثِ ابْنَكَ مَعِي يَحْمِلُهُ إِلَى مَنْزِلِي فَحَمَلْتُهُ وَخَرَجَ أُبَيٌّ مَعَهُ يَنْتَقِدُ ثَمَنَهُ؛ فَقَالَ أُبَيٌّ: يَا أَبَا بَكْرٍ حَدِّثْنِي كَيْفَ صَنَعْتُمَا لَيْلَةَ سَرَيْتَ (٤) مَعَ النَّبِيِّ - صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ -؟ قَالَ: نَعَمْ سَرَيْنَا لَيْلَتَنَا كُلَّهَا، وَمِنَ الْغَدِ حَتَّى قَامَ قَائِمُ الظَّهِيرَةِ وَخَلَا الطَّرِيقُ، فَلَا يَمُرُّ بِنَا فِيهِ أَحَدٌ حَتَّى رَفَعْتُ (٥) لَنَا صَخْرَةٌ طَوِيلَةٌ لَهَا ظِلٌّ لَمْ تَأْتِ عَلَيْهِ الشَّمْسُ بَعْدُ، فَنَزَلْنَا عِنْدَهَا فَأَتَيْتُ الصَّخْرَةَ فَسَوَّيْتُ بِيَدِي مَكَانًا يَنَامُ فِيهِ [النَّبِيُّ] النَّبِيُّ: (٦) - صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - فِي ظِلِّهَا، ثُمَّ بَسَطْتُ عَلَيْهِ فَرْوَةً (٧) ، ثُمَّ قُلْتُ: نَمْ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ، وَأَنَا أَنْفُضُ لَكَ مَا حَوْلَكَ (٨) ، فَنَامَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ

(١) فِي جَمِيعِ النُّسَخِ أَنْ يُعِينَهُ. وَنَبَّهَ مُحَقِّقُ (ب) عَلَى مَا أَثْبَتَهُ مِنْ إِضَافَةِ " لَا " لِتَسْتَقِيمَ الْعِبَارَةُ. (٢) يَأْتِي تَفْصِيلُ ذَلِكَ فِيمَا يَلِي (انْظُرْ ص.) . (٣) سَأُقَابِلُ النَّصَّ التَّالِيَ عَلَى رِوَايَةِ الْبُخَارِيِّ لِبَيَانِ الْفُرُوقِ الْهَامَّةِ إِنْ شَاءَ اللَّهُ. (٤) م. سِرْتَ. وَسَرَى وَأَسْرَى لُغَتَانِ بِمَعْنًى (٥) ن، م: وَقَعْتُ. وَالْمُثْبَتُ هُوَ الَّذِي فِي " الْبُخَارِيِّ " وَرُفِعَتْ لَنَا صَخْرَةٌ: أَيْ ظَهَرَتْ لِأَبْصَارِنَا. (٦) سَاقِطَةٌ مِنْ (ن) . وَفِي (م) : رَسُولُ اللَّهِ (٧) الْمُرَادُ الْفَرْوَةُ الْمَعْرُوفَةُ الَّتِي تُلْبَسُ. (٨) فِي التَّعْلِيقِ عَلَى مُسْلِمٍ: " أَيْ أُفَتِّشُ لِئَلَّا يَكُونَ عَدُوٌّ "